The sentiment of these words is one of eternal application. Still at this great crisis in the fortunes of our country, when every course is involved in undeniable perplexity, and surrounded by admitted danger, there are two principles to which we may confidently appeal; for it is by habitual adherence to them that England has grown to greatness. These two principles are the maintenance of the supremacy of the whole State, and the use of that supremacy for the purpose of securing to every citizen, whether rich or poor, the rights of liberty and of property conferred upon him by law. To maintain that any policy, however plausible, by which these principles are violated, must undermine the moral basis of the Constitution, and must therefore lead the nation to calamity and to disgrace, is at any rate to plead a cause which rests upon a firm foundation of plain morality. The case may be ill-stated, the arguments by which it is defended may admit of reply, but it is a case which a just man may put forward without shame, and a humane man may support without compunction. FOOTNOTES: [71] Butler's Sermons; vii., p. 136, ed. 1726. [72] See Chapters V., VI., & VII., _ante._ [73] Burke's Works, vol. vii., pp. 84, 85. APPENDIX. GOVERNMENT OF IRELAND BILL.[74] ARRANGEMENT OF CLAUSES. PART I. _Legislative Authority_. CLAUSE. 1. Establishment of Irish Legislature. 2. Powers of Irish Legislature. 3. Exceptions from powers of Irish Legislature. 4. Restrictions on powers of Irish Legislature. 5. Prerogatives of Her Majesty as to Irish Legislative Body. 6. Duration of the Irish Legislative Body. _Executive Authority_. 7. Constitution of the Executive Authority. 8. Use of Crown lands by Irish Government. _Constitution of Legislative Body_. 9. Constitution of Irish Legislative Body. 10. First order. 11. Second order. _Finance_. 12. Taxes and separate Consolidated Fund. 13. Annual contributions from Ireland to Consolidated Fund of United Kingdom. 14. Collection and application of customs and excise duties in Ireland. 15. Charges on Irish Consolidated Fund. 16. Irish Church Fund. 17. Public loans. 18. Additional aid in case of war. 19. Money bills and votes. 20. Exchequer divisions and revenue actions. _Police_. 21. Police. * * * * * PART II. SUPPLEMENTAL PROVISIONS. _Powers of Her Majesty_. 22. Powers over certain lands reserved to Her Majesty. _Legislative Body_. 23. Veto by first order of Legislative Body, how over-ruled. 24. Cesser of power of Ireland to return members to Parliament. _Decision of Constitutional Questions_. 25. _Constitutional questions to be submitted to Judicial Committee_. _Lord-Lieutenant._ 26. Office of Lord-Lieutenant. _Judges and Civil Servants_. 27. Judges to be removable only on address. 28. Provision as to judges and other persons having salaries charged on the Consolidated Fund. 29. As to persons holding civil service appointments.