[563] See Gervase of Canterbury’s account of his motives for going to Ireland (Stubbs, vol. i. p. 235). [564] _Gesta Hen._ (Stubbs), vol. i. p. 29; Rog. Howden (Stubbs), vol. ii. p. 33. [565] Gir. Cambr. _Expugn. Hibern._, l. i. c. 37 (Dimock, vol. v. p. 285). [566] _Ib._ c. 37 (pp. 285, 286). In the Anglo-Norm. Poem (Michel), pp. 128, 129, Henry is made to receive the bad news before leaving Dublin, which is obviously too soon. Cf. _Gesta Hen._ as above, and Rog. Howden (as above), pp. 33, 34. [567] Anglo-Norm. Poem (Michel), p. 132. [568] “Constituit eum justitiarium Hyberniæ.” Rog. Howden (as above), p. 34. [569] _Ibid._ _Gesta Hen._ (as above), p. 30. Gir. Cambr. (as above), c. 38 (p. 286). Anglo-Norm. Poem (Michel), p. 130. See the charter of donation in Lyttelton, _Hen. II._, vol. iv. p. 295. [570] Gir. Cambr., _Gesta Hen._ and Rog. Howden, as above. Anglo-Norm. Poem (Michel), p. 129. [571] Gir. Cambr. as above. [572] Anglo-Norm. Poem, as above--adding Meiler Fitz-Henry and Miles Fitz-David. [573] _Gesta Hen._, Rog. Howden and Gir. Cambr. as above. [574] _Gesta Hen._ and Rog. Howden, as above. If we may believe the Anglo-Norm. Poem (Michel, p. 130) Henry furthermore made a grant of Ulster to John de Courcy--“si à force la peust conquere.” A better mode of securing his authority in Dublin was probably suggested to him by the ravages which war and famine had made among its population. Eight years before he had taken the burghers of Bristol, so long the medium of trading intercourse between England and Ireland, under his especial patronage and protection.[575] He now granted to them the city of Dublin, to colonize and to hold of him and his heirs by the same free customs which they enjoyed in their own town of Bristol.[576] It is plain that Henry was already aiming at something far other than a mere military conquest of Ireland; and the long and varied list of English names, from all parts of the country, which is found in a roll of the Dublin citizens only a few years later,[577] shews how willingly his plans were taken up, not only at Bristol but throughout his realm, by the class to which he chiefly and rightly trusted for aid in their execution. Unluckily, they were scarcely formed when he was obliged to leave their developement to other hands; and the consequence was a half success which proved in the end to be far worse than total failure. On Easter night[578] he sailed from Wexford;[579] next day he landed at Portfinnan, hard by S. David’s;[580] before the octave was out he had hurried through South Wales to Newport;[581] in a few days more he was at Portsmouth;[582] and before Rogation-tide he was once more in Normandy, ready to face the bursting of a storm whose consequences were to overshadow all his