Folk dancing, English; Folk music -- England -- History and criticism; Folk songs, English -- England -- History and criticism
The Morris dance may be roughly divided into five kinds—processional,
corner, handkerchief, stick dances, and solo jigs.
The corner dances are danced with handkerchiefs and so are the
processional and jigs, but there are also others where handkerchiefs
take the place of sticks.
Since 1905 Mr Cecil Sharp has published instructions for the Morris
dance in a series called the Morris Book, with the tunes as played
at the present day. The first two volumes of the series were written
in collaboration with Mr H. C. MacIlwaine, and with the help of Miss
Florence Warren, of the Espérance Guild of Morris dancers, from whom
the steps of most of the dances were taken down as she had learned them
from William Kimber, of Headington.
I have also edited, with the help of Mr Clive Carey, Mr Geoffrey Toye,
and Miss Florence Warren, two volumes called _The Espérance Morris
Book_, and Mr John Graham has collected Midland, Lancashire, and
Cheshire dances in two volumes.[3]
It is probable that these books contain complete instructions in the
steps and figures of the dance and are a fairly complete collection
of the existing dances, and that others still in the Collector’s
books, but not yet published, may only be variants. There is a varied
and extensive terminology used by the old dancers, and it is often
difficult to arrive at the exact meaning of certain expressions, for
each set of dancers has its own phraseology, which varies considerably
from that of other sets even when they are not many miles apart in
locality. The following are some of the terms used:—“Shake up” and
“foot up” for the first figure of a dance; “hey up” or “hey sides up,”
“back to back,” “hands across,” and “capers.” “Gipsies” must be seen to
be understood, and “galley” is a turning round on your own axis with a
single or double shake of the leg, which seems to be better done the
older and more shaky the dancer is.
[3] Both the first volume of _The Espérance Morris Book_ and the first
volume of Mr Sharp’s _Morris Book_ have been revised.
Each village has its own steps and its own evolutions, and the
evolutions generally follow the same order in each dance, the
particular steps of that dance being done between the evolutions.
This is a very usual order in which the dance is done—
Foot up or Shake up. Special step.
Special step. Back to back.
Hey up. Special step.
Special step. Hey up and All in.
Hands across.
But it would take a whole volume to describe each step done by each
“side” of dancers, and by the time this book was in print other
variants would have arisen, if any of the “sides” had danced in the
meantime.
For practical purposes one has to decide on the most typical step one
has seen and adopt it for those to whom one is responsible for teaching
the dances.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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