CHARLES LUCY (1814--1873) began life as a chemist's apprentice in his native town of Hereford. He soon forsook the counter, and went to Paris to study painting. Coming to London, he exhibited _Caractacus and his Family before the Emperor Claudius_, a work which formed the introduction to a long series of historic pictures, noteworthy among which are _The Parting of Charles I. with his Children_, _The Parting of Lord and Lady Russell_, and _Buonaparte in discussion with the Savants_, all of which were exhibited at the Academy. Lucy established a great reputation in Europe and America. JOHN PHILLIP (1817--1867) was one of the best colourists of the English school. He was a native of Aberdeen, began life as an errand boy to what the Scotch call a "tin smith," and afterwards became an apprentice to a painter and glazier, and seems to have had instruction in his early pursuit of art from a portrait painter of his native town, named Forbes, who was very generous to him. A picture by Phillip secured him the patronage of Lord Panmure, who sent him to London. In 1837 the young painter entered the Academy Schools. He exhibited two portraits in 1838, and two years later returned to Aberdeen, exhibiting in the Royal Academy _Tasso in Disguise relating his Persecutions to his Sister_. Once more returning to London, Phillip exhibited _The Catechism_, and several pictures of Scottish life, as _The Baptism_, _The Spae Wife_, _The Free Kirk_. Illness compelled him to visit Spain in 1851, and here he produced many excellent pictures of Spanish life, which greatly added to his reputation, and gained for him the sobriquet of "Don Phillip of Spain." _A Visit to Gipsy Quarters_, _The Letter-writer of Seville_, and _El Paseo_ are examples of his Spanish pictures. In 1857 Phillip was elected Associate of the Royal Academy, and exhibited the _Prison Window in Seville_. Elected a full member in 1859, he painted next year _The Marriage of the Princess Royal_, by command of the Queen. _La Gloria_, one of his most celebrated works, appeared in 1864. His pictures combine correctness of drawing with boldness, if not refinement, of colouring--which is seldom met with in the works of our best painters. ALFRED ELMORE (1815--1881), an Irishman by birth, won for himself fame as a painter of historic scenes and _genre_ subjects. Among his works are _Rienzi in the Forum_; _The Invention of the Stocking Loom_ and _The Invention of the Combing Machine_; _Marie Antoinette in the Tuileries_; _Marie Antoinette in the Temple_; _Ophelia_; and _Mary Queen of Scots and Darnley_. He was elected a R.A. in 1857. [Illustration] CHAPTER XI. SUBJECT PAINTERS.