JOHN FREDERICK LEWIS (1805--1876), the son of an eminent London engraver, began his career in art by painting studies of animals, and in 1828 was elected a Member of the Society of Painters in Water-Colours. He afterwards travelled in Spain and Italy, painting many subjects, such as a _Spanish Bullfight_, _Monks preaching at Seville_, &c., and thence went to the East, where he stayed some years. He returned to England in 1851, and four years afterwards was made President of the Water-colour Society. In 1856 he exhibited _A Frank Encampment in the Desert of Mount Sinai_, which Mr. Ruskin called "the climax of water-colour drawing." In the same year he began to paint in oil colours, and frequently exhibited pictures of Eastern life, such as _The Meeting in the Desert_, _A Turkish School_, _A Cafe in Cairo_, &c. In 1859 he was made an Associate of the Royal Academy, and in 1866 a full member. In the South Kensington Museum there are two of Lewis's water-colour drawings, _The Halt in the Desert_ and _Peasants of the Black Forest_, and a few of his studies from nature. [Illustration: THE ARAB SCRIBE. _By_ JOHN FREDERICK LEWIS. A.D. 1852.] EDWARD MATTHEW WARD (1816--1879) became a student at the Academy by the advice of Wilkie, who had seen his first picture, a portrait of Mr. O. Smith as Don Quixote. In 1836 Ward was a student in Rome. Thence he proceeded to Munich, and studied fresco-painting with Cornelius. In 1839 he returned to England, and exhibited _Cimabue and Giotto_. Joining in the competition for the decoration of the Houses of Parliament, he produced _Boadicea_, which was commended, but did not obtain a premium. _Dr. Johnson reading the MS. of Goldsmith's "Vicar of Wakefield"_, first brought him to notice. It was followed by _Dr. Johnson in Lord Chesterfield's Ante-Room_, and the painter was elected an A.R.A. This work as well as _The Disgrace of Lord Clarendon_, _The South-Sea Bubble_, and _James II. receiving the news of the landing of William of Orange_, are in the National Gallery. In 1852 and later Ward executed eight historic pictures in the corridor of the House of Commons. He was elected a Royal Academician in 1855. His pictures are too well known to need description; most popular among them are _Charlotte Corday led to Execution_, _The Execution of Montrose_, _The Last Sleep of Argyll_, _Marie Antoinette parting with the Dauphin_, _The Last Moments of Charles II._, _The Night of Rizzio's Murder_, _The Earl of Leicester and Amy Robsart_, _Judge Jeffreys and Richard Baxter_.