Great Britain. Royal Commission on Poor Laws and Relief of Distress; Poor -- Great Britain; Poor laws -- Great Britain
followed up until the Workmen's Compensation Act of 1900.
[565] Local Government Board to Chairman of Central Poor Law
Conference, 12th May 1877, in Seventh Annual Report, 1877-8, pp.
55-6. We find the policy of reducing "the widow's six months"
suggested by Mr. Corbett in 1869. At the Conference of East End
Guardians summoned by him, it was agreed "that the widows without
children should, as a rule, after a period not exceeding three
months from the commencement of their widowhood, be relieved only
in the workhouse" (Mr. Corbett's Report of 10th August 1871; as
reprinted by the Central Authority for official circulation,
February 1873).
[566] _Ibid._
[567] Twenty-third Annual Report of the Poor Law Board, 1870-1, p.
374.
[568] Third Annual Report of the Local Government Board, 1873-4,
p. 588; Twenty-first Annual Report, 1891-2, p. 365.
After 1885, though some of the inspectors continued to recommend, with
regard to women, the strict policy of 1871,[569] the Local Government
Board itself, so far as we can discover, reverted to silence on the
point, and gave no advice.
[569] It is, however, to be noted that in the model rules which
the most zealous inspectors were pressing on Boards of Guardians
in 1902--herein differing from the much commended Manchester rules
of 1875--the widow with only one child is recognised as a fit case
for outdoor relief (Mr. Preston-Thomas's Report, in Thirty-Second
Annual Report, 1902-3, p. 100).
_D._--CHILDREN
(i.) _On Outdoor Relief_
There seems to have been, so far as regards children, no explicit change
in policy in 1871. To take first the 336,870 children under sixteen who
were on outdoor relief on 1st January 1871[570]--almost exactly
one-third of the aggregate pauperism--we see continued the same ignoring
of their general condition. We do not find that the inspectors ever
investigated what was happening to these children or that the Central
Authority ever made any official inquiry, still less issued any order,
on the subject. The general policy of restricting outdoor relief, which
we have sufficiently described, had incidentally the effect, in the
course of twenty years, of reducing the number of children on outdoor
relief by nearly one-half.[571]
[570] Twenty-third Annual Report of the Poor Law Board, 1870-71,
p. 378.
[571] On 1st January 1892, the 336,870 children of 1871 had fallen
to 177,245, probably the lowest figure of the whole seventy years
(Twenty-first Annual Report of the Local Government Board, 1891-2,
p. 365).
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