Great Britain. Royal Commission on Poor Laws and Relief of Distress; Poor -- Great Britain; Poor laws -- Great Britain
The explanation of the omission to provide for the sick will
become apparent at a later stage. It was no part of the policy of
the Central Authority that the sick should be received into the
workhouse at all. It was assumed that they would normally be
relieved in their own homes. The incidental scanty references to
the sick wards of the workhouses had reference only to the
accommodation of such of the inmates of the workhouse as happened
to fall sick. Even these were, in serious cases, to be transferred
to a voluntary hospital, where such an institution existed. A
resolution of the Poplar Board of Guardians, in 1842, to send "all
cases requiring extraordinary surgical aid" to the London Hospital
was approved (_Official Circular_, No. 20, 30th July 1842, p.
297). "Any reasonable subscription to a hospital or similar
establishment by a Board of Guardians" would be sanctioned
(_ibid._ No. 17, 12th April 1842, p. 250.)
When the rules were finally consolidated in 1847, they still ignored the
sick in their scheme of classification, and actually omitted all mention
either of infectious diseases, or of lying-in cases, merely laying it
down in general terms that it was the duty of the guardians, "after
consulting the medical officer," to "make such arrangements as they may
deem necessary, with regard to persons labouring under any disease of
body or mind."[209]
[209] Art. 99 of General Consolidated Order of 24th July 1847;
still in force.
No provision whatever was made for the segregation of paupers of unsound
mind, whether lunatics, idiots, or imbeciles. In an Order of 1836 we do
indeed find "the ward for lunatics and idiots" incidentally mentioned,
as existing in some workhouses;[210] but such a ward was never required
by the Central Authority, nor even suggested by it.
[210] Consolidated Order for the Administration of Relief in Town
Unions, 7th March 1836, sec. 5; in Second Annual Report, 1836, p.
89.
In 1842, it was ordered that, if such paupers were dangerous, they were
not to be retained in the workhouse, but sent to an asylum within
fourteen days.[211] It was even suggested in an Instructional Letter in
1842 that curable cases, even if not dangerous, should be sent to
asylums; and that even incurable, harmless idiots were inconvenient
inmates of a workhouse. But no hint is given of the desirability of
their segregation whilst they are there.[212]
[211] Art. 12 of General Order, 5th February 1842, in Eighth
Annual Report, 1842, p. 82; repeated in art. 101 of General
Consolidated Order, 24th July 1847.
[212] Instructional Letter of 5th February 1842, in Eighth Annual
Report, 1842, p. 111.
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