Great Britain. Royal Commission on Poor Laws and Relief of Distress; Poor -- Great Britain; Poor laws -- Great Britain
With regard to infants at the breast, no special provision was ever
made by rule. But it was allowed that children under seven might be
placed (though only if the guardians thought fit) in any part of the
female wards; and the mothers were at any rate "to have access to them
at all reasonable times."[213] The Central Authority remarked, in a
covering letter of 1842--which was not repeated when the rules were
re-issued in 1847--"that so long as any mother is suckling her child,
she ought to have access to it at all times _except when she is at
work_, and that the child ought not, even then, to be completely beyond
the mother's reach."[214]
[213] Consolidated Order for the Administration of Relief in Town
Unions, 7th March 1836, sec. v. art. 15, in Second Annual Report,
1836, p. 90; art. 10 of General Order of 5th February 1842, in
Eighth Annual Report, 1842, p. 82; repeated in art. 99 of General
Consolidated Order of 24th July 1847.
[214] Instructional Letter of 5th February 1842; in Eighth Annual
Report, 1842, p. 110.
In 1847, still without amendment of the classificatory scheme, the
guardians were allowed to permit a mother and her infant children to
occupy the same bed.[215]
[215] Art. 111 of General Consolidated Order of 24th July 1847.
With regard to vagrants, the first departure from the policy of merely
including them as able-bodied paupers came in 1842, in a rule requiring
"casual poor wayfarers and vagrants" to be kept "in the Vagrant Ward,"
or other separate ward--presumably separate for each sex, though this
was not explicitly required.[216]
[216] Art. 10 of General Order of 5th February 1842, and
Instructional Letter of the same date, in Eighth Annual Report,
1842, pp. 81, 110. In 1847 "casual poor wayfarers" were to be kept
in "a separate ward" (General Consolidated Order, 24th July 1847,
art. 99).
With regard to segregation by character, the first relaxation from the
classificatory scheme is to be found in a letter of 1839, in which the
Central Authority permits married women of good character to be placed
with the aged women, in order that they may avoid the contamination of
bad characters, but only _provided that their daily employment is not
interfered with_.[217] We can find no contemporary document even
allowing the guardians to protect from a like contamination unmarried
women or young girls of good character.
[217] Letter, 1st April 1839, in Special Report on the Further
Amendment of the Poor Law, 1839, p. 293.
In 1840, however, the _Official Circular_ referred to "the separation of
certain abandoned persons from the other inmates," explaining that it
rested "not on the consideration of their past conduct, but on that of
their present habits and character."[218]
[218] _Official Circular_, 24th December 1840, No. 10, p. 143.
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