English Surnames: Their Sources and SignificationsBardsley, Charles Wareing Endell
History
English Surnames: Their Sources and Significations
Bardsley, Charles Wareing Endell
Names, English; Names, Personal -- English
Forms like ‘Walter le Hunte’ or ‘Nicholas le Hunte’ are very common to
the old records. As another proof of the general use of this word we may
cite its compounds. ‘Borehunte’ carries us back to the day when the wild
boar ranged the forest’s deeper gloom. ‘Wolfhunt,’ represented in the
Inquisitiones by such a sobriquet as ‘Walter le Wolfhunte,’ reminds us
that Edgar did not utterly exterminate that savage beast of prey, as is
oftentimes asserted. A family of this name held lands in the Peak of
Derbyshire at this period by the service of keeping the forest clear of
wolves. In the forty-third year of Edward III. one Thomas Engeine held
lands in Pitchley, in the county of Northampton, by service of finding
at his own cost certain dogs for the destruction of wolves, foxes, &c.,
in the counties of Northampton, Rutland, Oxford, Essex, and Buckingham;
nay, as late as the eleventh year of Henry VI. Sir Robert Plumpton held
one borate of land in Nottinghamshire, by service of winding a horn, and
chasing or frightening the wolves in Sherwood Forest.[231] Doubtless,
however, as in these recorded instances, it would be in the more hilly
and bleaker districts, or in the deeper forests, he found his safest and
last retreat. It seems well-nigh literally to be coming down from a
mountain to a mole-hill to speak of our ‘Mole-hunts,’ the other compound
of this word. But small as he was in comparison with the other, he was
scarcely less obnoxious on account of his burrowing propensities, for
which the husbandman gave him the longer name of mouldwarp. His numbers,
too, made him formidable, and it is no wonder that people found
occupation enough in his destruction, or that the name of ‘Molehunt’
should have found its way into our early rolls. So late, indeed, as
1641, we find in a farming book the statement that 12_d._ was the usual
price paid by the farmer for every dozen old moles secured, and 6_d._
for the same number of young ones. This speaks at least for their
plentifulness. An old provincialism for mole, and one not yet extinct,
was ‘wont’ or ‘want.’ This explains the name of ‘Henry le Wantur,’ which
may be met with in the Hundred Rolls. In the Sloane MS. is a method
given ‘for to take wontes.’ It would be in the deeper underwood our
‘Todmans’ and ‘Todhunters,’ the chasers of the fox, or ‘tod,’ as he was
popularly called, found diversion enough. It would be here our
‘Brockmans’ secured the badger. I doubt not these were both also of
professional character—aids and helps to the farmer. Indeed, he had many
upon whose services he could rely for a trifle of reward in the shape of
a silver penny, or a warm mess of potage on the kitchen settle. Our
‘Burders’ and ‘Fowlers,’ by their craft, whether of falconry or netting,
or in the use of the cross-bow bolt, aided to clear the air of the more
savage birds of prey, or of the lesser ones that would molest the
bursting seed. I need scarcely remark that the distinction between
‘bird’ and ‘fowl’ is modern.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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