English Wayfaring Life in the Middle Ages (XIVth Century)Jusserand, J. J. (Jean Jules)
History
English Wayfaring Life in the Middle Ages (XIVth Century)
Jusserand, J. J. (Jean Jules)
Christian pilgrims and pilgrimages -- England; England -- Social life and customs -- 1066-1485; Travel, Medieval
This passport or “licence,” this “special leave of the king,” could
only be available at certain ports, namely, London, Sandwich,
Dover, Southampton, Plymouth, Dartmouth, Bristol, Yarmouth, Boston,
Kingston-upon-Hull, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, and the ports of the coast
facing Ireland. Heavy penalties were laid on all port wardens,
inspectors, ship captains, etc., who were neglectful, or so bold as
to show favour to roamers. In the year 1389, the king restrained
pilgrims from embarking anywhere else than at Dover or Plymouth. To
put to sea elsewhere, an “especial licence from the king himself” was
necessary.[520] A number of such licences, as will be seen further,
are still in existence.
IV
But the attraction of distant pilgrimages was great,[521] especially
the three without equal: Rome, Jerusalem, and St. James’s of
Galicia, held so sacred that, while most {371} of the vows taken
by the benefactors of the great bridge at Avignon could be remitted
on account of their gifts to this useful structure, exception was
made if the question was of a pilgrimage to be performed to one of
those three places.[522] With or without letters men crossed the
Channel, for which they paid sixpence, or if they had a horse, two
shillings.[523] They arrived at Calais, stopping there some time in a
“Maison-Dieu,” or hospital, which had been built and endowed by pious
souls with revenues “for the sustenance of the pilgrims and other
poor folks repairing to the said town to rest and refresh them.”[524]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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