as a man lives,” says Theognis, “let him wait on hope.... Let him pray to the gods; and to Hope let him sacrifice first and last” (1143-1146). Pindar, if he warns man against baseless, wild, or extravagant expectation, is emphatic on the wisdom of cherishing hope. It is “the sweet nurse of the heart in old age,” “the chief helmsman of man’s versatile will.” (_Fragment_, 233.) “A man should cherish good hope.” (_Isth._, vii. 15.) “It is the wing on which soaring manhood is supported.” (Pythian, viii. 93.) “The wise,” says Euripides, “must cherish hope.” (_Frag. of Ino._) Again: “Prudent hope must be your stay in misfortune.” (_Id._) Life, he says in the _Troades_ (628), is preferable to death, in that it has hopes. A sentiment repeated by Euripides again in the _Hercules Furens_ (105-6): “That man is the bravest who trusts to hope under all circumstances; to be without hope is the part of a coward.” So Menander: “Hold before yourself the shield of good hope.” (_Incert. Frag._ xlvii.) The passages quoted by Professor Butcher from Thucydides are not to the point. It would have been much more to the point had he quoted the passage in which Pericles eulogizes those who “committed to hope the uncertainty of success” (II. 42), or the passage (I. 70) in which the superiority of the Athenians to the Lacedæmonians in civil and military efficiency is largely attributed to their reliance on hope. Again, what, according to Cephalus, in the _Republic_, is the chief solace of old age?--“The abiding presence of sweet hope.” But it would be easy to multiply indefinitely from the Greek classics what Professor Butcher calls “rare examples of hope in the happier aspect.”