Epic and Romance: Essays on Medieval LiteratureKer, W. P. (William Paton)
History
Epic and Romance: Essays on Medieval Literature
Ker, W. P. (William Paton)
Epic poetry -- History and criticism; Literature, Medieval -- History and criticism; Romances -- History and criticism
The beauty of _Njála_, and especially of the chapters about Njal's
death, is the result of a harmony between two extremes of sentiment,
each of which by itself was dangerous, and both of which have here
been brought to terms with each other and with the whole design of the
work. The ugliness of Skarphedinn's demeanour might have turned out to
be as excessive as the brutalities of _Svarfdæla_ or _Ljósvetninga
Saga_; the gentleness of Njal has some affinities with the gentleness
of the martyrs. Some few passages have distinctly the homiletic or
legendary tone about them:--
Then Flosi and his men made a great pile before each of the
doors, and then the women-folk who were inside began to weep
and to wail.
Njal spoke to them, and said: "Keep up your hearts, nor
utter shrieks, for this is but a passing storm, and it will
be long before you have another such; and put your faith in
God, and believe that He is so merciful that He will not let
us burn both in this world and the next."
Such words of comfort had he for them all, and others still
more strong (c. 128, Dasent's translation).
It is easy to see in what school the style of this was learned, and of
this other passage, about Njal after his death:--
Then Hjallti said, "I shall speak what I say with all
freedom of speech. The body of Bergthora looks as it was
likely she would look, and still fair; but Njal's body and
visage seem to me so bright that I have never seen any dead
man's body so bright as this" (c. 131).
At the other extreme are the heathenish manners of Skarphedinn, who,
in the scene at the Althing, uses all the bad language of the old
"flytings" in the heroic poetry,[58] who "grins" at the attempts to
make peace, who might easily, by a little exaggeration and change of
emphasis, have been turned into one of the types of the false heroic.
[Footnote 58: Pp. 96, 113, above.]
Something like this has happened to Egil, in another Saga, through
want of balance, want of comprehensive imagination in the author. In
_Njála_, where no element is left to itself, the picture is complete
and full of variety. The prevailing tone is neither that of the homily
nor that of the robustious Viking; it is the tone of a narrative that
has command of itself and its subject, and can play securely with
everything that comes within its scope.
In the death of Njal the author's imagination has found room for
everything,--for the severity and the nobility of the old Northern
life, for the gentleness of the new religion, for the irony in which
the temper of Skarphedinn is made to complement and illustrate the
temper of Njal.
Then Flosi went to the door and called out to Njal, and said
he would speak with him and Bergthora.
Now Njal does so, and Flosi said: "I will offer thee, master
Njal, leave to go out, for it is unworthy that thou shouldst
burn indoors."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account