Epic and Romance: Essays on Medieval LiteratureKer, W. P. (William Paton)
History
Epic and Romance: Essays on Medieval Literature
Ker, W. P. (William Paton)
Epic poetry -- History and criticism; Literature, Medieval -- History and criticism; Romances -- History and criticism
There is one passage in the story of Flugumyri, before the scene of
the burning, in which the narrative is heightened a little, as if the
author were conscious that his subject was related to the matter of
heroic poetry, or as if it had at once, like the battle of Maldon,
begun to be magnified by the popular memory into the likeness of
heroic battles. It is in the description of the defence of the hall
(_skáli_) at Flugumyri, before the assailants were driven back and had
to take to fire, as is told above.
Eyjolf and his companions made a hard assault on the hall.
Now was there battle joined, and sharp onset, for the
defence was of the stoutest. They kept at it far into the
night, and struck so hard (say the men who were there) that
fire flew, as it seemed, when the weapons came together.
Thorstein Gudmund's son said afterwards that he had never
been where men made a braver stand; and all are agreed to
praise the defence of Flugumyri, both friends and enemies.
The fire of the swords which is here referred to by the way, and with
something like an apology for exaggeration, is in the poem of
_Finnesburh_ brought out with emphasis, as a proper part of the
composition:--
swurdléoma stód,
Swylce eall Finnesburh fýrenu wáere.
The sword-light rose, as though all Finnsburgh were aflame.
It is characteristic of the Icelandic work that it should frequently
seem to reflect the incidents of epic poetry in a modified way. The
Sagas follow the outlines of heroic poetry, but they have to reduce
the epic magnificence, or rather it would be truer to say that they
present in plain language, and without extravagance, some of the
favourite passages of experience that have been at different times
selected and magnified by epic poets. Thus the death of Skarphedinn is
like a prose rendering of the death of Roland; instead of the last
stroke of the hero in his agony, cleaving the rock with Durendal, it
is noted simply that Skarphedinn had driven his axe into the beam
before him, in the place where he was penned in, and there the axe was
found when they came to look for him after the burning. The moderation
of the language here does not conceal the intention of the writer that
Skarphedinn's last stroke is to be remembered. It is by touches such
as these that the heroic nature of the Sagas is revealed. In spite of
the common details and the prose statement, it is impossible to
mistake their essential character. They are something loftier than
history, and their authors knew it. When history came to be written as
it was written by Sturla, it still retained this distinction. It is
history governed by an heroic spirit; and while it is closely bound to
the facts, it is at the same time controlled and directed by the
forms of an imaginative literature that had grown up in greater
freedom and at a greater distance from its historical matter. Sturla
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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