Epic and Romance: Essays on Medieval LiteratureKer, W. P. (William Paton)
History
Epic and Romance: Essays on Medieval Literature
Ker, W. P. (William Paton)
Epic poetry -- History and criticism; Literature, Medieval -- History and criticism; Romances -- History and criticism
She gave orders to take their clothes and have them thawed.
After that they had supper and were shown to bed. They were
not long in falling asleep. Snow and frost held all the
night through; _all that night the Dog (devourer) of the
elder-tree howled with unwearying jaws and worried the earth
with grim fangs of cold_. And when it began to grow light
towards daybreak, a man got up to look out, and when he came
in Thorgeir asked what sort of weather it was outside;
and so on in the ordinary sober way. It is not surprising that an
editor should have been found to touch up the plain text of a Saga
with a few ornamental phrases here and there. Considering the amount
of bad taste and false wit in the contemporary poetry, the wonder is
that there should be such a consistent exclusion of all such things
from the prose of the Sagas. The _Fóstbræðra_ variations show the
beginning of a process of decay, in which the lines of separation
between prose and poetry are cut through.
[Footnote 63: _Fóstbr._ (1852) p. 8: "Því at ekki var hjarta hans seen
fóarn í fugli: ekki var þat blóðfullt svá at þat skylfi af hræzlu,
heldr var þat herdt af enum hæsta höfuðsmið í öllum hvatleik." ("His
heart was not fashioned like the crop in a fowl: it was not gorged
with blood that it should flutter with fear, but was tempered by the
High Headsmith in all alacrity.")]
Except, however, as an indication of a general decline of taste, these
diversions in _Fóstbræðra Saga_ do not represent the later and
secondary schools of Icelandic narrative. They remain as exceptional
results of a common degeneracy of literature; the prevailing forms are
not exactly of this special kind. Instead of embroidering poetical
diction over the plain text of the old Sagas, the later authors
preferred to invent new stories of their own, and to use in them the
machinery and vocabulary of the old Sagas. Hence arose various orders
of romantic Saga, cut off from the original sources of vitality, and
imitating the old forms very much as a modern romanticist might
intimate them. One of the best, and one of the most famous, of these
romantic Sagas is the story of Frithiof the Bold, which was chosen by
Tegnér as the groundwork of his elegant romantic poem, a brilliant
example of one particular kind of modern medievalism. The significance
of Tegnér's choice is that he went for his story to the secondary
order of Sagas. The original _Frithiof_ is almost as remote as Tegnér
himself from the true heroic tradition; and, like Tegnér's poem, makes
up for this want of a pedigree by a study and imitation of the great
manner, and by a selection and combination of heroic traits from the
older authentic literature. Hence Tegnér's work, an ingenious
rhetorical adaptation of all the old heroic motives, is already half
done for him by the earlier romanticist; the original prose Frithiof
is the same romantic hero as in the Swedish poem, and no more like the
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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