influenza and pneumonia, and apparently consider the epidemic due to a hemolytic streptococcus of indefinite and inconstant characters. The Camp Lewis Pneumonia Unit[40] states “the process [influenza], whether mild or severe, is etiologically and pathologically the same; * * *.” B. influenzæ was not found. In a report of The American Public Health Association[41] it is stated that deaths resulting from influenza are commonly due to pneumonias resulting from an invasion of the lungs by one or more forms of streptococci, by one or more forms of pneumococci, or by the so-called influenza bacillus. This invasion is apparently secondary to the initial attack. Wolbach[42] found B. influenzæ in a high proportion of cases, not infrequently in pure culture in the lung, and believes that there is a true influenzal pneumonia whether B. influenzæ is the cause of the primary disease or not. Spooner, Scott and Heath[43] isolated B. influenzæ in a high percentage of cases and consider it reasonable to suppose that it was the prime factor in the epidemic. Kinsella[44] found B. influenzæ infrequently and regards it as a secondary invader. MacCallum[45] regards B. influenzæ as a secondary invader and believes that it is responsible for a form of purulent bronchitis and bronchopneumonia following certain cases of influenza. Pritchett and Stillman[46] found B. influenzæ in 93 per cent of cases of influenza and bronchopneumonia. Hirsch and McKinney[47] state that B. influenzæ played no rôle in the epidemic at Camp Grant and apparently consider it due to a specially virulent pneumococcus. No further references to the extensive literature of the recent pandemic seem necessary, since those cited above serve to illustrate the various points of view that exist. A similar diversity of opinion may be found in the reports from foreign sources.