_Sal Carolinum Factitium Effervescens (Sal Carol. Fact. Eff.), Effervescent Artificial Carlsbad Salt, N.F._ (Pulvis Salis Carolini Factitii Effervescens, N.F. III).--Artificial Carlsbad salt (26.6%) in a mixture of sodium bicarbonate (40%), tartaric acid (15.7%) and citric acid, the last three yielding sodium citrate and sodium tartrate. ACTION AND USES: Cathartic. Its high sodium citrate and tartrate content should be borne in mind. DOSAGE: 6 Gm. or 1-1/2 drachms (N.F.) =*Sodii Sulphis Exsiccatus (Sod. Sulphis Exsic.), Exsiccated Sodium Sulphite, U.S.P.=--Na{2}SO{3} (not less than 90%). White, odorless powder, having a cooling, saline sulphurous taste. Freely soluble in water (1:3.2), but only sparingly soluble in alcohol. ACTION AND USES: Antiseptic; principally used externally as a wash. DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.) =*Sodii Thiosulphas (Sod. Thiosulph.), Sodium Thiosulphate, U.S.P.= ("Sodium Hyposulphite").--Na{2}S{2}O{3} + 5H{2}O. Colorless, odorless crystals, having a cooling, afterward bitter taste. Very soluble in water (1:0.5) and insoluble in alcohol. ACTION AND USES: Used externally in the form of a lotion as application for ringworm and other parasitic diseases. Internally, rarely as cathartic. DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.) =Solanum (Solan.), Solanum, N.F.= (Horsenettle Berries).--Ripe fruit. ACTION AND USES: Rarely used as a sedative in convulsions and epilepsy; probably ineffective. DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (N.F.). _Fluidextractum Solani (Fldext. Solan.), Fluidextract of Solanum, N.F._--Solanum (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 55 per cent. DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.) =Sparteinae Sulphas (Spartein. Sulph.), Sparteine Sulphate, U.S.P.= Colorless, odorless, hygroscopic crystals or powder, having a slightly saline and somewhat bitter taste. Freely soluble in water (1:1.1) and in alcohol (1:3). ACTION AND USES: Has been widely exploited as a diuretic, but on insufficient evidence. Is of little use and is now less frequently employed than formerly. Large doses slow and weaken the heart. DOSAGE: 0.01 Gm. or 1/6 grain (U.S.P.) =SPECIES.=--Mixtures of vegetable drugs used as teas or poultices. For the official mixtures, see Species Emollientes, N.F., under =Althaea Folia;= Species Laxativae, N.F., under =Senna=, and Species Pectorales, under =Althaea=. =Spigelia (Spigelia), Spigelia, U.S.P.= (Pinkroot).--Rhizome and roots. ACTION AND USES: Obsolete anthelmintic for ascarides. Inferior to santonin. DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (U.S.P.). _Fluidextractum Spigeliae (Fldext. Spigel.), Fluidextract of Spigelia, U.S.P._ (Fluidextract of Pinkroot).--Spigelia (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent. DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (U.S.P.) =SPIRITUS, SPIRITS.--=Alcoholic solutions of either gaseous, liquid, or solid volatile substances.