Essay on the Classification of the InsaneAllen, M. (Physician)
Science
Essay on the Classification of the Insane
Allen, M. (Physician)
Mental illness
In the system (which I have in some degree stated and explained) of
receiving and treating them as visitors, even as though they were still
rational, and of course observing towards them the same polite and
delicate attentions as are practised in well-bred society, the same
irresistible effects which precept and example always produce in every
sphere, in proportion as they are exercised in sincerity and truth, will
be found to be produced also on them; and hence we may easily perceive
how it comes to pass that we have so much greater dependence on their
attachment, good conduct, fidelity, and honour, than is generally
imagined to be possible, and why, consequently, the greater liberty which
is given them is seldom or never abused; and, as cause and effect
increase each other, it is evident that this system, by exciting and
exercising the higher feelings and moral principles of the mind,
produces, (as will be seen from the tables I shall hereafter introduce) a
much greater proportion of cures than has hitherto been the case. It is
much more conducive to cure than the system of perfect separation and
exclusion from any association. This truth is another important reason
for being anxious, from the best of motives, to remove these baneful
prejudices which have hitherto made a marked moral line of distinction
between diseases of the brain, and other parts of the system, exclusively
and absurdly making the former a proof of some shameful criminality. And
though this greater degree of well-judged liberty (not indiscriminate)
appears alarming to those who retain the usual worldly prejudices against
the insane, it is in reality attended with much less of danger or of any
thing to excite the fears of others, than most assuredly is a contrary
system.
I am now enabled, from nearly twenty years’ experience, to say this with
confidence; and I am the more anxious to impress this on the world, in
order that I may not be obliged, from too great a deference to its fears
and prejudices, to abridge the exercise of this influence, so far as to
lessen the happy effects of a system which theory and feeling have
suggested and compelled me to pursue, and which increased knowledge and
experience have confirmed and justified.
Our fears and prejudices create and realize that which would otherwise
have no existence. We often blame effects of which we ourselves are the
cause. This is one principal, if not the only, source of all our
complaints and all our troubles. Servants, children, families, sects,
parties, nations, and even the insane, are more or less good or bad in
their conduct and character, in proportion as our principles and conduct
towards them are under the influence of a wrong spirit or a right one.
Such are our views, and I trust it will be seen (the experimental part at
least,—the theory will be explained in due course) that we have
endeavoured, however imperfectly, to reduce them to practice.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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