Essay on the Theory of the EarthCuvier, Georges, baron
Science
Essay on the Theory of the Earth
Cuvier, Georges, baron
Geology; Paleontology
I am aware that Strabo says somewhere, that the ibis resembles the
stork in form and size[372], and that this author ought to have
known it well, since he asserts that in his time the streets and
cross-ways of Alexandria were so filled with them, that they proved a
great inconvenience; but he must have spoken of it from memory. His
testimony cannot be received when he contradicts all the rest, and
especially when the bird itself is there to refute him.
In like manner, I shall not trouble myself about the passage where
Ælian[373] relates, according to the Egyptian embalmers, that the
intestines of the ibis are eighty-six cubits long. The Egyptian
priests of all classes have been guilty of so many extravagancies
with regard to Natural History, that no great importance can be
attributed to what one of their lowest classes might aver.
An objection might still be drawn against my opinion from the long
attenuated and black feathers which cover the rump of our bird,
and of which some traces also are seen in Bruce’s figure of the
Abou-Hannes. The ancients, it might be said, do not speak of them in
their descriptions, and their figures do not exhibit them. But I have
more on my side, in respect to this matter, than a written testimony
or a figured representation. I have found precisely the same feathers
in one of the Saccara mummies; I kept them carefully as being at
once a singular monument of antiquity and a peremptory proof of the
identity of species. These feathers having an uncommon form, and not
occurring, I believe, in any other curlew, leave, in fact, no doubt
respecting the accuracy of my opinion.
I conclude this memoir with a view of its results:
1. The Tantalus Ibis of Linnæus ought to constitute a separate genus,
along with the _Tantalus Loculator_. Their character would be:
_Rostrum læve, validum, arcuatum, apice utrinque emarginatum_.
2. The other Tantali of the last editions should form a genus with
the common curlews, to which the name of _Numenius_ might be given.
The character of the genus would be: _Rostrum teres, gracile,
arcuatum, apice mutico_. For the special character of the subgenus
of the Ibises, there should be added: _Sulco laterali per totam
longitudinem exarato_.
3. The white ibis of the ancients is not the ibis of Perrault and
Buffon, which is a _Tantalus_; nor the ibis of Hasselquist, which is
an _Ardea_; nor the ibis of Maillet, which is a _Vulture_; but it is
a bird of the genus Numenius, and of the sub-genus Ibis, which has
hitherto been described and figured only by Bruce, under the name of
_Abou-Hannes_. I give it the name of NUMENIUS IBIS, _albus, capite
et collo adulti nudis, remigum apicibus, rostro et pedibus nigris,
remigibus secondariis elongatis nigro-violaceis_.
4. The black ibis of the ancients is probably the bird which we
know in Europe under the name of Green Curlew, or the _Scolopax
Falcinellus_ of Linnæus. It also belongs to the genus Numenius, and
to the sub-genus Ibis.
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