Essay on the Theory of the EarthCuvier, Georges, baron
Science
Essay on the Theory of the Earth
Cuvier, Georges, baron
Geology; Paleontology
Loose blocks are found, at a greater or less height, in the smaller
lateral valleys that open into the transverse alpine valleys, which
terminate in the great valley between the Alps and the Jura. If these
lateral valleys form passes (which lead over into other valleys by
a lowering of the high mountain chain), which are not more than
4000 feet above the level of the sea, loose blocks occur, not only
in these passes, but also more or less widely distributed in the
opposite valleys. In the great principal valley which stretches
between the Alps and the Jura, from the Lake of Geneva to beyond the
Lake Constance, we find these loose blocks dispersed over all the
hills whose elevation is not more than 3000 feet above the level of
the sea; but even here the distribution of the blocks is not entirely
irregular. The largest are found on such hills and acclivities as are
opposite the mouths of the alpine valleys, in the great principal
valley. The blocks are frequently found higher on such acclivities,
than on the sides of those valleys which may be considered as a
continuation of the alpine valleys. The loose blocks are found every
where on that acclivity of the Jura range which is opposite to the
Alps, and they are found highest and largest in those places which
are directly opposite the mouths of the alpine valleys. In such
places, the blocks again attain an elevation of nearly 4000 feet
above the level of the sea; whereas, in the intermediate places,
which are most remote from the places opposite the mouths of the
alpine valleys, the blocks seldom reach at a height of 2000 feet
above the level of the sea.
In those places where the Jura chain branches into the great valley
between the Jura and the Alps, loose blocks are found in the valleys
behind the projecting chains. The Jura range is sometimes intersected
in places opposite to the Alps; and it is remarked, that loose blocks
are met with in the valleys behind these intersected portions of
the range; and that, when loose blocks occur in the Jura range, at
a distance from the Alps, it is only in such places as are directly
opposite to the intersected portions of the chain opposite to the
Alps.
The circumstance of the non-occurrence of these blocks in the
sandstone, marl, and nagelfluh, which occupy the great valley between
the Alps and the Jura, proves that that revolution of our globe, by
which these were dispersed, took place after the formation of these
rocks, and may therefore have belonged to one of the latest changes
which have contributed to the present form of the earth’s surface.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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