Essay on the Theory of the EarthCuvier, Georges, baron
Science
Essay on the Theory of the Earth
Cuvier, Georges, baron
Geology; Paleontology
We may add, as this subject is a very interesting one, that further
details, in regard to the moving sands of Scotland, will be found,
on consulting the Statistical Account of Scotland, vol. xx. p. 220.
In the Appendix to the Account of the parish of Dyke, vol. xx. p.
228. _et seq._ there is an account of the Sand-Hills of Mavieston,
which overwhelmed the barony of Coubine, as mentioned in Mr Ritchie’s
communication. In vol. xix. p. 622. is a notice of the shifting of
two hills of the Mavieston Range 500 yards in twenty years. In vol.
xxi. p. 207. is a notice of some hundred acres in Duffus’ parish
covered three feet deep by drift sand; fourteen inches accumulating
in one night. In Neill’s Tour in Orkney and Shetland 1804, it is
observed, that, in the neighbourhood of the Castle of Noltland,
in Westra, much havoc has been done by the blowing of the sand.
No measures are there employed for putting a stop to this kind of
devastation. In the 6th volume of the Highland Society’s Transactions
will be found a report of the operations carried on in Harris, and
alluded to in Mr Macgillivray’s communication. And in Dr Walker’s
Account of the Hebrides, and Mr Macdonald’s Work on the Hebrides,
farther details may be seen. In Jameson’s Account of the Shetland
Islands, and in Shirreff and Fleming’s Reports on these islands,
are also facts connected with this devastating agent. We may add,
that Dr Oudney, Major Denham, and Captain Clapperton, have added
to our knowledge of the blowing sands of the African deserts. The
coloured engraving of the sand-hills of the African Desert in Denham,
Oudney and Clapperton’s Narrative, is a striking and interesting
representation of the form of the moving sand-hills of Africa.
_The moving Sands of Africa and their effects are thus described in
the_ Mercure de France _for September 1809, by De Luc_.
The sands of the Lybian desert, he says, driven by the west winds,
have left no lands capable of tillage on any parts of the western
banks of the Nile not sheltered by mountains. The encroachment of
these sands on soils which were formerly inhabited and cultivated is
evidently seen. M. Denon informs us, in the account of his _Travels
in Lower and Upper Egypt_, that summits of the ruins of ancient
cities buried under these sands still appear externally; and that,
but for a ridge of mountains called the _Lybian chain_, which borders
the left bank of the Nile, and forms, in the parts where it rises, a
barrier against the invasion of these sands, the shores of the river,
on that side, would long since have ceased to be habitable. Nothing
can be more melancholy, says this traveller, than to walk over
villages swallowed up by the sand of the desert, to trample under
foot their roofs, to strike against the summits of their minarets,
to reflect that yonder were cultivated fields, that there grew trees,
that here were even the dwellings of men, and that all has vanished.
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