Essay on the Theory of the EarthCuvier, Georges, baron
Science
Essay on the Theory of the Earth
Cuvier, Georges, baron
Geology; Paleontology
refuge, as the waters rose, and that, as they subsided, they were
drawn from thence into the valley in which they were found; that
the agitation of the waters had occasioned such a dispersion of
the bones, when the ligaments dissolved, as would account for
their having been scattered in the way in which they were found,
and that the deposite of shell marl, with which I supposed the
water to have been turbid, had so completely protected them from
atmospheric influence as to prevent their subsequent decomposition.
To enable you to form some estimate of the reasonableness of this
supposition, it is necessary that I should endeavour to explain the
situation, &c. of the valley and the adjoining hills. The valley
in which the remains were found contains about twenty plantation
acres, and the soil consists of a stratum of peat about a foot
thick, immediately under this a stratum of shell-marl, varying
from 1½ to 2½ feet in thickness; in this many of the shells retain
their original colour and figure, and are not marine; under the
marl there is a bed of light blue clay; through this one of my
workmen drove an iron rod, in several places, twelve feet deep,
without meeting opposition. Most of the bones and heads, eight in
number, were found in the marl; many of them, however, appeared to
rest on the clay, and to be merely covered by the marl. The remains
were disposed in such a manner as to prevent the possibility of
ascertaining the exact component parts of each skeleton; in some
places portions were found removed many yards from others, and in
no instance were two bones found lying close to each other. Their
position also was singular; in one place two heads were found, with
the antlers entwined in each other, and immediately under them a
large blade-bone; in another, a very large head was discovered, and
although a most diligent search was made, no part of the skeleton
found; within some hundred yards, in another, the jaw-bones were
found, and not the head. The conclusion which, I conceive, may
fairly be deduced from such a position of the various parts of
the animals is, that there must have been some powerful agent
employed in dispersing them after their death; and as I consider
it impossible that their own gravity could have been sufficient to
sink them through the various strata, I conceive these must have
originated subsequently to the dispersion of the bones. I also
think, that, if they had been exposed for any time to atmospheric
influence, they never could have been preserved in their present
extraordinary perfection.
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