1. The aim of education is the _knowledge_ of God and _likeness_ to God. 2. _Likeness_ to God we attain by possessing our souls of true virtue and by the Heavenly Grace of Faith. 3. _Knowledge_ of God we attain by the study of the visible things of God. 4. Teaching then has for its aim _this_ knowledge. 5. Language is merely an instrument or vehicle for the knowledge of things. 6. The linguist may be less _learned_ (_i.e._, educated) in the true sense than a man who can make good use of his mother-tongue though he knows no other. § 32. Elsewhere, Milton gives his idea of “a complete and generous education;” it “fits a man to perform justly, skilfully, and magnanimously all the offices both private and public of Peace and War.” (Browning’s edition, p. 8.) Here and indeed in all that Milton says we feel that “the noble moral glow that pervades the _Tractate on Education_, the mood of magnanimity in which it is conceived and written, and the faith it inculcates in the powers of the young human spirit, if rightly nurtured and directed, are merits everlasting.” (Masson iij, p. 252.) § 33. But in this moral glow and in an intense hatred of verbalism lie as it seems to me the chief merits of the Tractate. The practical suggestions are either incomprehensible or of doubtful wisdom. The reforming of education was, as Milton says, one of the greatest and noblest designs that could be thought on, but he does not take the right road when he proposes for every city in England a joint school and university for about 120 boarders. The advice to keep boys between 12 and 21 in this barrack life I consider, with Professor Laurie, to be “fundamentally unsound;” and the project of uniting the military training of Sparta with the humanistic training of Athens seems to me a pure chimæra. § 34. When we come to instruction we find that Milton after announcing the distinctive principle of the Realists proves to be himself the last survivor of the Verbal Realists. (See _supra_, p. 25.) No doubt “His daily teachers had been woods and rills,”