Essays, or discourses, vol. 3 (of 4) : $b Selected from the works of Feyjoo, and translated from the SpanishFeijoo, Benito Jerónimo
History
Essays, or discourses, vol. 3 (of 4) : $b Selected from the works of Feyjoo, and translated from the Spanish
Feijoo, Benito Jerónimo
Spanish essays -- Translations into English
LXI. Timoleon freed Corinth his own country, from the tyranny of
Timophanes, his brother. Plutarch relates the transaction in this
manner. Timoleon, and two of his friends who were zealous assertors of
liberty, having taken a solemn oath to depose the tyrant if he refused
to relinquish his usurpation, went to his house, and finding they could
not move him by intreaties, Timoleon retired a little and burst into
tears, and at that instant, his two friends flew upon Timophanes, and
tore him to pieces. Diodorus Siculus says, Timoleon killed his brother
on the public parade. The first historian considers the love of liberty
as a principle implanted in the nature of man, and therefore endeavours
all he can to soften and excuse the atrociousness of the act. The second
blazons and exaggerates it, with a view of exalting the zeal of Timoleon
for his country. In the midst of so many dangers, produced by the
characters, motives, and passions of authors, truth, in navigating the
sea of history, is shipwrecked, and hinder’d from being handed down to
posterity.
LXII. Cyrus, according to Xenophon, died composed, and in his bed.
Onesicritus, Arrian, Herodotus, Justin, and Valerius Maximus, affirm,
that Thomyris, queen of the Massagetes, having overcome, and made him
a prisoner, caused him to be put to death, and his head to be immerged
in a vessel filled with human blood, in order, as the irritated queen
declared, that the thirst he had ever had for that fluid might be
satiated. Ctesias writes, that he was killed by an arrow shot at him by
an Indian. Diodorus, that he was made a prisoner, and crucified by a
queen of the Scythians; and according to Lucian, he died of grief, on
account of Cambyses his son, having under the false pretence of an order
from him, put to death the major part of those he most esteemed.
LXIII. One of the most remarkable transactions of the Roman History, is the
defeat of the Fabians, in the engagement of Cremera. This body, composed
of one family only, and which Florus calls a Patrician Army, were cut
to pieces, and out of three hundred and six Fabians, there remained
only one youth of fourteen years old alive, who was spared on account
of his tender age. There are few facts which have been more unanimously
attested than this, nor by a greater number of authors. Titus Livius,
Ovid, Aurelius Victor, Silius, and Festus, relate it exactly in the same
manner; but notwithstanding this, Dionysius Halicarnassus rejects it as
intirely fabulous. Titus Livius places the death and fanatic consecration
of the two Decii, in the wars against the Latins and the Samnites; but
Cicero places it in those with the Etruscans, and against Pyrrhus.
LXIV. The silence of Polybius, respecting the fate of Regulus after his
captivity, has occasioned many learned men to doubt of all that has been
said on that subject.
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