How organic beings have This inquiry, I believe, admits originated, is an inquiry which of answer, and will be answered. M. Comte deprecates as a useless That division of Biology which speculation: asserting, as he concerns itself with the origin of does, that species are immutable. species, I hold to be the supreme division, to which all others are subsidiary. For on the verdict of Biology on this matter, must wholly depend our conception of human nature, past, present, and future; our theory of the mind; and our theory of society. M. Comte contends that of what is I have very emphatically expressed commonly known as mental science, my belief in a subjective science all that most important part of the mind, by writing a which consists of the subjective _Principles of Psychology_, one analysis of our ideas, is an half of which is subjective. impossibility. M. Comte’s ideal of society That form of society towards which is one in which _government_ we is are progressing, I hold developed to the greatest to be one in which _government_ extent—in which class-functions will be reduced to the smallest are far more under conscious amount possible, and _freedom_ public regulation than now—in increased to the greatest amount which hierarchical organization possible—one in which human with unquestioned authority nature will have become so moulded shall guide everything—in which by social discipline into fitness the individual life shall be for the social state, that it will subordinated in the greatest need little external restraint, degree to the social life. but will be self-restrained—one in which the citizen will tolerate no interference with his freedom, save that which maintains the equal freedom of others—one in which the spontaneous {132} co-operation which has developed our industrial system, and is now developing it with increasing rapidity, will produce agencies for the discharge of nearly all social functions, and will leave to the primary governmental agency nothing beyond the function of