[225] The tool, and the outline produced by it, were no doubt legitimately descended from the antique CESTRUM and SKIAGRUM of Fuseli. There is an unfinished picture by Giovanni Bellini, in the Florence Gallery, in which the white ground on the board is visible. The marks of the tool are also distinct, a little indented, and the shadowed part is hatched. Over this there is a brown transparent colour, which has thickened in the indented lines and hatchings, rendering the lines darker; had he hatched again through the transparent ground to the white ground in the lights, we should have had, as I conceive, a perfect monochrome. [226] In his Histoire de la Peinture Ancienne, wherein he has printed what he calls the thirty-fifth book of Pliny, with his translation; but he has left out what pleased him, and inserted other parts of the work, and omitted the numbering of the chapters, so as to render it difficult to detect his want of fidelity. [227] Book XXXV. ch. 7. A passage in one of Horace’s Satires describes pictures, whether on cloth or wood, suspended at the entrances to the public shows at Rome, nearly as we should now describe the pictures exhibited for the same purposes by Gingel and his ingenious brethren, to invite spectators to their itinerant playhouses, and such as the lamented Pidcock used to allure them to the shows of elephants and tigers. If some fam’d piece the painter’s art displays, Transfix’d you stand, with admiration gaze[228]; [228] In the original the painter’s name is mentioned; it is Pausias of Sicyon. [229] Pliny, Natural History, Book xiii. ch. 11. [230] Libri sacri scritti in tela di lino, sorta di volumi antichissimi molte di quali vide Frontone custoditi in Anagni.--MICALI. _Storia degli Antichi Popoli Italiani, page 32._ In Wilks’ History of the South of India, there is an account of the cudduttum, curruthum, or currut, used as books in that province. It is a strip of cotton cloth, covered on both sides with a mixture of paste and charcoal. The writing is done with a pencil of lapis ollaris, called balopium, and may be rubbed out like that on a slate; the cloth is folded in leaves like a pocket-map, and tied up between thin boards painted and ornamented. This mode of writing was anciently used for records and other public papers, and in some parts of the country is still employed by merchants and shopkeepers. It is very durable, indeed probably more so than either paper, parchment, or the palm leaf. Colonel Wilks supposes it to be the linen or cotton cloth on which Arrian states that the Indians wrote.