Essays Upon Heredity and Kindred Biological Problems: Authorised TranslationWeismann, August
Science
Essays Upon Heredity and Kindred Biological Problems: Authorised Translation
Weismann, August
Evolution (Biology); Genetics; Reproduction
If we are unwilling to accept this hypothesis, nothing remains but to
credit the idioplasm of each successive ontogenetic stage with a
capability of re-transformation into the first stage. Strasburger
accepts this view; and he believes that the idioplasm of the nuclei
changes during the course of ontogeny, but returns to the condition
of the first stage of the germ, at its close. But the rule of
probability is against such a suggestion. Suppose, for instance, that
the idioplasm of the germ-cell is characterized by ten different
qualities, each of which may be arranged relatively to the others in
two different ways, then the probability in favour of any given
combination would be represented by the fraction (1/2)^{10} = 1/1024:
that is to say, the re-transformation of somatic idioplasm into
germ-plasm will occur once in 1024 times, and it is therefore
impossible for such re-transformation to become the rule. It is also
obvious that the complex structure of the germ-plasm which
potentially contains, with the likeness of a faithful portrait, the
whole individuality of the parent, cannot be represented by only ten
characters, but that there must be an immensely greater number; it is
also obvious that the possibilities of the arrangement of single
characters must be assumed to be much larger than two; so that we get
the formula (1/_p_), where _p_ represents the possibilities, and _n_
the characters. Thus if _n_ and _p_ are but slightly larger than we
assumed above, the probabilities become so slight as to altogether
exclude the hypothesis of a re-transformation of somatic idioplasm
into germ-plasm.
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