"Custom and nature are generally at variance with one another; ...
for by the rule of nature, that only is the more disgraceful which
is the greater evil; as, for example, to suffer injustice; but by
the rule of custom, to do evil is the more disgraceful. For this
suffering of injustice is not the part of a man, but of a slave,
who indeed had better die than live; for when he is wronged and
trampled upon, he is unable to help himself or any other about
whom he cares. The reason, as I conceive, is that the makers of
laws are the many weak; and they make laws and distribute praises
and censures with a view to themselves and their own interests;
and they terrify the mightier sort of men, and those who are able
to get the better of them, in order that they may not get the
better of them; and they say that dishonesty is shameful and
unjust; meanwhile, when they speak of injustice, they desire to
have more than their neighbors, for knowing their own
inferiority, they are only too glad of equality. And therefore,
this seeking to have more than the many is conventionally said to
be shameful and unjust, and is called injustice, whereas nature
herself intimates that it is just for the better to have more than
the worse, the more powerful than the weaker; and in many ways she
shows, among men as well as among animals, and indeed among whole
cities and races, that justice consists in the superior ruling
over and having more than the inferior. For on what principle of
justice did Xerxes invade Hellas, or his father the Scythians?
(not to speak of numberless other examples). They, I conceive, act
according to nature; yes, and according to the law of nature; not
perhaps, according to that artificial law which we frame and
fashion, taking the best and strongest of us from their youth
upwards, and taming them like young lions, and charming them with
the sound of the voice, saying to them that with equality they
must be content, and that this is the honorable and the just. But
if there were a man who had sufficient force, he would shake off
and break through and escape from all this; he would trample under
foot all our formulas and spells and charms, and all our laws,
sinning against nature; the slave would rise in rebellion and be
lord over us, and the light of natural justice would shine forth.
And this I take to be the lesson of Pindar, in the poem in which
he says that
"'Law is the King of all, mortals as well as immortals!'
This, as he says:
"'Makes might to be right, and does violence with exalted hand; as
I infer from the deeds of Heracles, for without buying them----'
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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