They require from every age a
renewed analysis of conduct and the social system. As a preliminary to
such an analysis, we review in this chapter some of the general
relations between the morality of custom and the morality of reflection.
§ 1. ELEMENTS OF AGREEMENT AND CONTINUITY
The moral life shows its continuity in two ways. First, the earlier type
of group and customary morality persists in part; in the second place,
when the moral is differentiated from the other spheres of life in which
it was embedded, it does not have to find entirely new conceptions. It
borrows its terms from the group life or from the various spheres,
religious, political, æsthetic, economic, which separate out from the
older group unity.
The following quotation from Grote will serve as a vivid restatement of
the régime of custom:
"This aggregate of beliefs and predispositions to believe,
Ethical, Religious, Æsthetical, and Social, respecting what is
true or false, probable or improbable, just or unjust, holy or
unholy, honorable or base, respectable or contemptible, pure or
impure, beautiful or ugly, decent or indecent, obligatory to do or
obligatory to avoid, respecting the status and relations of each
individual in the society, respecting even the admissible fashions
of amusement and recreation--this is an established fact and
condition of things, the real origin of which is for the most part
unknown, but which each new member of the group is born to and
finds subsisting.... It becomes a part of each person's nature, a
standing habit of mind, or fixed set of mental tendencies,
according to which particular experience is interpreted and
particular persons appreciated.... The community hate, despise or
deride any individual member who proclaims his dissent from their
social creed.... Their hatred manifests itself in different ways
... at the very least by exclusion from that amount of
forbearance, good will and estimation without which the life of
an individual becomes insupportable.... 'Nomos (Law and Custom),
king of all' (to borrow the phrase which Herodotus cites from
Pindar) exercises plenary power, spiritual and temporal, over
individual minds; moulding the emotions as well as the intellect,
according to the local type ... and reigning under the appearance
of habitual, self-suggested tendencies."[96]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account