Ethnological results of the Point Barrow expedition: Ninth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1887-1888, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1892, pages 3-442Murdoch, John
History
Ethnological results of the Point Barrow expedition: Ninth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1887-1888, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1892, pages 3-442
Murdoch, John
Eskimos -- Alaska -- Barrow, Point, Region
_Head-bands._--Some of the men and boys wear across the forehead a
string of large blue glass beads, sometimes sewed on a strip of
deerskin. Occasionally, also a fillet is worn made of the skin of the
head of a fox or a dog, with the nose coming in the middle of the
forehead. Such head-dresses are by no means common and seem to be
highly prized, as they were never offered for sale. MacFarlane (MS.)
speaks of a similar head-dress worn at the Anderson River, “generally
made of the skin of the fore part of the head skins of wolves,
wolverines, and marmots. Very often, however, a string of beads is
made use of instead.” Another style of head-dress is the badge of a
whaleman, and is worn only when whaling (and, I believe, at the
ceremonies in the spring preparatory to the whaling). This seems to be
very highly prized, and is, perhaps, “looked upon with superstitious
regard.”[N252] None were ever offered for sale and we had only two or
three opportunities of seeing it. It consists of a broad fillet of
mountain-sheep skin, with pendants of flint, jasper, or crystal,
rudely flaked into the shape of a whale (see under “Amulets,” where
specimens are described and figured), one in the middle of the brow
and one over each ear. Some of them are also fringed with the incisor
teeth of the mountain sheep attached by means of a small hole drilled
through the end of the root, as on the dancing cap (see under “Games
and Pastimes”). The captain and harpooner of a whaling crew which I
saw starting out in the spring of 1882 each wore one of these fillets.
The harpooner’s had only the whale pendants, but the captain’s was
also fringed with teeth. This ornament closely resembles the fillet
fringed with deer’s teeth, observed by Capt. Parry at Iglulik,[N253]
which “was understood to be worn on the head by men, though we did not
learn on what occasions.”
[Footnote N252: See Dr. Simpson, op. cit., p. 243. Compare also
Brodbeck, “Nach Osten” (p. 23). Speaking of “ein Kopf- oder
Stirnband,” he says: “Vielleicht gilt es ihnen als eine Art von
Zauberschützmittel, denn es ist um kein Geld zu haben. Drängt man
sie, so sagen sie wohl, es sei nicht ihr eigen.”]
[Footnote N253: Second Voy., p. 498 and Fig. 7, pl. opposite
p. 548.]
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