Ethnological results of the Point Barrow expedition: Ninth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1887-1888, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1892, pages 3-442Murdoch, John
History
Ethnological results of the Point Barrow expedition: Ninth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1887-1888, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1892, pages 3-442
Murdoch, John
Eskimos -- Alaska -- Barrow, Point, Region
This is called akĭmiɐlĭñ (“that which has fifteen,” sc.,
shots). The whalers are also in the habit of buying up all sorts of
cheap or second-hand guns for the Arctic trade, so that many other
kinds of guns are also common. Of breechloaders, we saw the Sharpe’s
rifle, savĭgro´lĭñ (from a fancied resemblance between the crooked
lever of this gun and the crooked knife, savigro´n); other patterns of
Winchester; the Spencer repeater, kai´psualĭñ (from kaipsĭ,
cartridge); the peculiar Sharps-Hankins, once used in the U.S. Navy,
and which was the favorite weapon of the rebel Boers in South Africa;
the Peabody-Martini, made in America for the Turkish Government,
marked on the rear sight with Turkish figures, and, exposed with a
corpse at the cemetery, one English Snider. The regulation Springfield
rifles belonging to the post, which were often loaned to the natives
for the purpose of hunting, were called mûkpara´lĭñ (from _mûkpara´_,
book, referring to the breech action, which opens like a book).
They formerly had very few muzzle-loading rifles, but of late years,
since the law against trading arms to the natives has been construed
to refer solely to breech-loading rifles, the whalers have sold them
yäger rifles, of the old U.S. Army pattern, Enfield rifles, ship’s
muskets with the Tower mark on them, and a sort of bogus rifle made
especially for trade, in imitation of the old-fashioned Kentucky
rifle, but with grooves extending only a short distance from the
muzzle. They of course depend on the ships for their supplies of
ammunition, though the Nunatañmiun sometimes bring a few cartridges
smuggled across from Siberia. They naturally are most desirous to
procure cartridges for the rim-fire Winchester guns, as these are not
intended to be used more than once. They have, however, invented a
method of priming these rim-fire shells so that they can be reloaded.
A common “G. D.” percussion cap is neatly fitted into the rim of the
shell by cutting the sides into strips which are folded into slits in
the shell, a little hole being drilled under the center of the cap to
allow the flash to reach the powder. This is a very laborious process,
but enables the natives to use a rifle which would otherwise be
useless. Such cartridges reloaded with powder and home-made
bullets--they have many bullet molds and know how to use them--are
tolerably effective. Great care must be taken to insert the cartridge
right side up, so that the cap shall be struck by the firing pin,
which interferes with using the gun as a repeater.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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