Ethnological results of the Point Barrow expedition: Ninth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1887-1888, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1892, pages 3-442Murdoch, John
History
Ethnological results of the Point Barrow expedition: Ninth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1887-1888, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1892, pages 3-442
Murdoch, John
Eskimos -- Alaska -- Barrow, Point, Region
It is of pale yellow mountain sheep horn, convex on the outer face and
concave on the inner and considerably arched lengthwise. In the middle
are two straight longitudinal narrow slots, which serve no apparent
purpose except ornament. The short slot near the edge at the middle of
each side, however, is for the thongs which strap the bracer to the
wrist. One of these is short and made into a becket by fastening the
ends together with double slits. One end of the other is passed
through the slot, slit, and the other end passed through this and
drawn taut. A knot is tied on the free end. This thong is just long
enough to fasten on the bracer by passing round the wrist and catching
the knot in the loop opposite. The other, No. 89410_a_ [1233], is like
this, but 1 inch shorter and nearly flat. The arch of the specimen
figured is probably unintentional and due to the natural shape of the
material, as it does not fit well to the wrist. It is probable that
these people used a flat bracer, as Fig. 194, No. 89350 [1382], from
Utkiavwĭñ, is apparently such an implement. It is a thin elliptical
plate of hard bone, 2½ inches long and 1½ wide, with two rows of holes
crossing at right angles in the middle. The holes at the side were
probably for the thong and the others for ornament, as some of them go
only part way through. Four small pebbles are lodged in the four holes
around the center in the form of a cross.
[Illustration: FIG. 194.--Bracer of bone.]
Mr. Nelson collected several specimens of bracers from Kotzebue Sound
and St. Lawrence Island. These are all slightly larger than our
specimens, and bent round to fit the wrist. They are of bone or
copper. When Beechey visited Kotzebue Sound, in 1826, he found the
bracer in general use.[N313] I find no other mention of this implement
in the writers who have described the Eskimo.
[Footnote N313: “They buckle on a piece of ivory, called
_mun-era_, about 3 or 4 inches long, hollowed out to the wrist, or
a guard made of several pieces of ivory or wood fastened together
like an iron-holder.” Voyage, p. 575.]
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