Ethnological results of the Point Barrow expedition: Ninth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1887-1888, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1892, pages 3-442Murdoch, John
History
Ethnological results of the Point Barrow expedition: Ninth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1887-1888, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1892, pages 3-442
Murdoch, John
Eskimos -- Alaska -- Barrow, Point, Region
Since my note in the Naturalist was written, I have learned from Mr.
Henry Balfour, of the museum at Oxford, that their collection contains
two or three specimens of this very pattern of harpoon, undoubtedly
collected by some of the officers of the _Blossom_. Consequently, my
theory that the retrieving harpoon was a modern invention, due to the
introduction of firearms, becomes untenable, as the _Blossom_ visited
this region before firearms were known to the Eskimo. It was probably
originally intended for the capture of seals “hauled out” on the ice
in the early summer. There is no doubt, however, that it is at the
present day used for nothing but retrieving.
[Illustration: FIG. 224.--Retrieving seal harpoon. 1/10]
Though this weapon was universally used at Point Barrow, we happened
to obtain only two specimens, possibly because the natives thought
them too necessary an implement to part with lightly. No. 89907
[1695], Figs. 224, 225, has a new shaft, etc., but was used several
times by the maker before it was offered for sale. Such a retrieving
harpoon is called naúlĭgɐ. The shaft (ipúa) is of ash, 4 feet 5 inches
long and 1 inch in diameter, tapering very slightly to each end. The
ice pick (túu) of walrus ivory, 14 inches long and 1 inch wide, has a
round tang fitting into a hole in the butt of the shaft. Close to the
shaft a small hole is drilled in one edge of the pick, and through
this is passed a bit of seal thong, the ends of which are laid along
the shaft and neatly whipped down with sinew braid, with the end
wedged into a slit in the wood. The foreshaft (ukumailuta) is of
walrus ivory, 4½ inches long and 1½ inches in diameter at the thickest
part, and secured to the shaft by a whipping (nĭ´mxa) of seal thong.
The loose shaft (ígimû) is also of ivory and 2 inches long and secured
by a thong (ĭpíuta) spliced into a loop through the hole at the butt,
as previously described. The end is hitched round the tip of the shaft
with a marling hitch, followed by a clove hitch below the whipping.
The ivory finger rest (ti´ka) is fastened on with a lashing of whip
cord (white man’s) passing round the shaft. The line catch
(ki´lerbwĭñ), which was of ivory and shaped like those on the walrus
harpoons, has been lost in transportation. The head differs only in
size from those just described as intended for the bearded seal,
except in having a hexagonal body. It is 3.3 inches long and has a
blade of iron fastened into a body of walrus ivory with a single
wooden rivet. While there is no detachable leader, the head is
attached by a separate piece of the same material to the line
(tûkăksia), which is 86 feet 10 inches long and made of a single piece
of fine seal thong about one-eighth inch thick. This shorter piece is
about 27 inches long and is passed through the line hole and doubled
so that one part is a little the longer. It is fastened strongly to
the end of the line by a complicated splice made as follows: A slit is
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account