Ethnological results of the Point Barrow expedition: Ninth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1887-1888, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1892, pages 3-442Murdoch, John
History
Ethnological results of the Point Barrow expedition: Ninth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1887-1888, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1892, pages 3-442
Murdoch, John
Eskimos -- Alaska -- Barrow, Point, Region
[Footnote N356: It is twisted into “a compact helical mass like a
watch-spring” in the Hudson Bay region. Schwatka, “Nimrod in the
North,” p. 133. See also Klutschak, “Als Eskimo,” pp. 194, 195.]
[Illustration: FIG. 258.--Whalebone wolf-killers. 1/4]
We collected four sets of these contrivances, one set containing seven
rods and the others four each. Fig. 258_a_ gives a good idea of the
shape of one of these. It belongs to a set of seven, No. 89538 [1229],
Fig. 258_b_, from Utkiavwĭñ, which are old and show the marks of
having been doubled up. It is 12½ inches long, 0.4 broad, and 0.2
thick. The little notches on the opposite edges of each end were
probably to hold a lashing of sinew which kept the folded rod in shape
while the blubber was freezing, being cut by thrusting a knife through
the partially frozen blubber, as is stated by Schwatka.[N357] Two of
the sets are new, but made like the others.
[Footnote N357: “Nimrod in the North,” p. 133.]
[Footnote N358: See Gilder, Schwatka’s Search, p. 225; see also,
Klutschak, “Als Eskimo,” etc., pp. 194-5, where the whalebones are
said to have little knives on the ends.]
This contrivance is also used by the Eskimo of Hudson Bay[N358] and at
Norton Sound, where, according to Petroff,[N359] the rods are 2 feet
long and wrapped in seal blubber. The name ĭsĭ´bru appears to be the
same as the Greenlandic (isavssok), found only in the diminutive
isavssoraĸ, a provincial name for the somewhat similar sharp-pointed
stick baited with blubber and used for catching gulls. The diminutive
form of this word in Greenlandic may indicate that their ancestors
once used the large wolf-killer, when they lived where wolves were
found. The definition of uju´kuaĸ, the ordinary word for the
gull-catcher (see below)--in the Grønlandske Ordbog--is the only
evidence we have of the use of this contrivance in Greenland. This is
one of the several cases in which we only learn of the occurrence of
customs, etc., noted at Point Barrow, in Greenland, by finding the
name of the thing in question defined in the dictionary.
[Footnote N359: Report, etc., p. 127.]
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