=habērent=: the clause _nē_ … _habērent_ is the Subject of _placuit_. 21. =redderentur=: cf. _coërceret_, above. =cīvīlēs=: lit. ‘like citizens’ ＝ ‘good citizens.’ 23. =ab expulsīs rēgibus=: ‘after the expulsion of the kings;’ cf. _post rēgēs exactōs_, Ch. 11. 24. =māximē … pellerētur=: ‘had done the most to drive out Tarquinius.’ 25. =Tarquiniō=: cf. _īsdem_, Ch. 6. Note the emphasis. PAGE 11. 1. =manēret=: cf. _habērent_, above. 3. =L. Valerius Pūblicola=: Livy, Bk. II, 2, calls him Publius Valerius. Owing to his efforts to secure the rights of the plebeians and for his popular measures he was called _Pūblicola_, ‘the Partisan of the People.’ He secured the passage of the Valerian law giving to every citizen condemned on a capital charge the right of appeal to the people. CH. 10. 7. =in vicem sē=: ‘each other in turn.’ As the Latin has no reciprocal pronoun it is compelled to resort to various circumlocutions; cf. Caesar, Bk. I, 1, _inter se_, Bk. II, 10, _alius alium circumspectant_. 8. =tamen=: although both the leaders were slain. 10. =per annum=: cf. _annum lūxērunt_, Ch. 11. 11. =quō morbō mortuō=: ‘and when he had died.’ The Latin relative is very often best translated by ‘and’ with a personal pronoun. For the case of _morbō_, cf. _morbō_, Ch. 3. 12. =iterum=: construe with _sūmpsit_. CH. 11. 18. =Porsennā=: Lars Porsenna, king of Clusium in Etruria. He aided the Tarquins as they had come from Etruria. See Macaulay’s _Lays of Ancient Rome_, _Horatius_. =Rōmam paene cēpit=: Ihne (p. 89) thinks that by this is meant that the Etruscans conquered the city. 22. =Tusculum=: said to have been founded by Telegonus, the son of Ulysses. It was always one of the most important of the Latin towns, and was a favorite resort of the Roman aristocracy. Cicero had a villa there. 24. =cōnsenuit=: lit. ‘he grew old’ ＝ ‘lived to be an old man.’ 26. =dē hīs=: ‘over them’; the regular expression used for a triumph celebrated for a victory over an enemy. PAGE 12. 2. =fātāliter=: lit. ‘by fate’ ＝ ‘a natural death’; cf. _morbō dēcessit_, Ch. 3. 3. =nummīs=: ‘money’; particularly small coins. =sūmptum habuerit sepultūrae=: ‘had the cost of a burial,’ _i.e._ was buried at public expense. =quem=: note its position. CH. 12. 5. =gener Tarquinī=: Manilius Octavius of Tusculum. 7. =dictātūra=: at times of great danger, when it was necessary for one man to hold the supreme power, a dictator was appointed by one of the consuls on the nomination of the senate. The office was for six months; but in case the specific object for which the dictator was appointed was accomplished before that time, he resigned. Ihne, p. 118; Tighe, p. 65. 8. =magister equitum=: he was aid-de-camp to the dictator and was appointed by him. In the absence of the latter he became the representative of the dictator.