As far back as 1886 the value of the Neandertal skull was greatly enhanced by Fraipont's discovery of two skulls and skeletons from Spy in Belgium. These are excellently described by their discoverer,[114] and are regarded as belonging to the same group of forms as the Neandertal remains. In 1899 and the following years came the discovery by Gorjanovič-Kramberger of different skeletal parts of at least ten individuals in a cave near Krapina in Croatia.[115] It is in particular the form of the lower jaw which is different from that of all recent races of man, and which clearly indicates the lowly position of _Homo primigenius_, while, on the other hand, the long-known skull from Gibraltar, which I[116] have referred to _Homo primigenius_, and which has lately been examined in detail by Sollas,[117] has made us acquainted with the surprising shape of the eye-orbit, of the nose, and of the whole upper part of the face. Isolated lower jaws found at La Naulette in Belgium, and at Malarnaud in France, increase our material which is now as abundant as could be desired. The most recent discovery of all is that of a skull dug up in August of this year [1908] by Klaatsch and Hauser in the lower grotto of the Le Moustier in Southern France, but this skull has not yet been fully described. Thus _Homo primigenius_ must also be regarded as occupying a position in the gap existing between the highest apes and the lowest human races, _Pithecanthropus_, standing in the lower part of it, and _Homo primigenius_ in the higher, near man. In order to prevent misunderstanding, I should like here to emphasise that in arranging this structural series--anthropoid apes, _Pithecanthropus_, _Homo primigenius_, _Homo sapiens_--I have no intention of establishing it as a direct genealogical series. I shall have something to say in regard to the genetic relations of these forms, one to another, when discussing the different theories of descent current at the present day.[118]