Evolution: Its nature, its evidence, and its relation to religious thoughtLeConte, Joseph
Religion
Evolution: Its nature, its evidence, and its relation to religious thought
LeConte, Joseph
Evolution (Biology); Evolution (Biology) -- Religious aspects; Religion and science
4. As the new-born child differs little in grade of physical
organization from the mature but unborn embryo, but at the moment
of birth there is a sudden and complete change, not so much in the
grade of organization but in the whole plane of existence--a change
absolutely necessary for further advance, for another cycle of life;
even so at the moment of the origin of man, howsoever this may have
been accomplished, there may have been no great change in the _grade_
of _psychical_ structure, but yet a complete change in the _plane_ of
psychical life--a change absolutely necessary for further advance, for
another cycle of evolution. In both cases there is a sudden entrance
into a new world, the sudden appearance of a new creature with entirely
different capacities--a passing out of an old world, a waking up in
a new and higher. According to this view, man alone is a _child_ of
God, capable of separate spirit-life--separate but not yet wholly
independent of Nature. As already said, Nature is no longer gestative
mother, but still nursing mother of spirit--we are weaned only by
death.
5. Or, again: As in passing up the _organic_ scale, we find all grades
of completeness of organic individuality, an increasing individuation
of bodily form which completes itself as a perfect organic individual
only in the higher animals, so, also, in passing up the _dynamic_
scale, force or energy is individuated more and more until the process
reaches completeness as a spirit-individual or dynamic individual--a
person only in man. _Organic_ individuality completes itself in
animals. _Psychic_ individuality only in man.
6. One more illustration and the last. The animal body may be likened
to an exquisitely adjusted instrument of communication between two
worlds--the material world without and the spiritual world within. The
key-boards of this marvelous instrument are the nerve-terminals of the
sense-organs in contact with the material world, and the brain-cells
in touch with the spirit-world. External Nature plays on the one by
sensation and determines changes in spirit. Spirit plays on the other
by will and muscular contraction, and determines changes in external
Nature. Now, in animals spirit is fast asleep or at most dreaming, or
even perhaps somnambulistic, but at least unconscious of _self_, and
acts only by stimulus--only responds in some sense automatically as
sleepers do. In man spirit is wide awake and may respond automatically
like animals, or may choose not to respond at all. Moreover, it acts
freely in its own domain--the world of ideas--_without external
stimulus_; or of its own free-will may _initiate_ changes in the
external world. With God all phenomena commence at the _spirit-end_.
In animals all commence at the _matter-end_, and by automatic response
terminate in the same. Man alone lives in both worlds, partakes of both
natures, and acts according to either method.
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