Phidias, 19; painter and architect, as well as sculptor, 43; and the Elgin marbles, 49–114; appointed director of public works by Pericles, 49; his chryselephantine statue of Athena, 50–68, 82, 83, 97, 98, 111; doubtful if he ever made statues in marble, 51, 98–113; testimony of Plutarch, 51, 52; of Strabo, 52; impossible for him to have done all the work that is attributed to him, 53–58, 63, 68; a slow and elaborate worker, 55; disadvantages of, 56, 57; date of his birth, 58–62; likeness of, by himself, 60, 129; works ascribed to, 62–68; incredible stories about, 71–73; peculiarly celebrated for his statues of Athena, 75; the Horse-Tamer, not the work of, 76–79; compared with Michel Angelo, 80; his style, 80, 81; elaboration of his great works, 81–84, 86; the Cellini of Athens, 84; introduces the art of making statues in ivory and gold, 87; estimation of, among his contemporaries, 96; Propertius and Quinctilian on, 98; appellation applied to, by Aristotle, 99–102; skill of, in the toreutic art, 101; marble statues ascribed to, by Pausanias, 105–107; prosecuted for impiety, 129. Phigaleia, the Temple of Apollo at, 53. Photias, 72. Phradmon, 67; competes with Phidias, 97. Phryne, portrait of, by Apelles, 132. Phyromachos, 94. Piece-moulds apparently not used by the ancient Greeks and Romans, 156, 157, 176, 178. Pindar, quotation from, 206. Pius VIII., monument of, by Tenerani, 61. Plaster, the art of casting in, among the Greeks and Romans, 115–189. Platæa, 53, 59. Plautus, quoted, 121, 135. Pliny, cited, 65–68, 70, 71, 76, 89, 90; story by, about Phidias, Polyclitus, Ctesilaus, Cydon, and Phradmon, 97, 98; statements by, about Phidias, 103, 104; quotation from his Natural History, 116; meaning of the quotation considered, 117 ff.; the Natural History characterized, 118, 119; stories by, about Apelles and Parrhasius, 132, 133; Bostick and Riley’s translation of, 135; his use of the term “cera,” 144; chapter on “Plastices,” in the Natural History, 146–150; chapter on the honor attached to portraits, 150, 151. Plutarch, statements by, about Pericles and Phidias, 51, 52, 56, 57; quoted, 66. Plyntheria, the colossal Athena’s gold drapery washed at, 152. Poliziano, Angelo, teacher of Michel Angelo, 3, 10. Polybius, referred to, 146, _note_. Polyclitus, 67; his canon of proportion, 73; his works, 88, 89; compared with Phidias, 96, 97, 101; price received by, for his Doryphoros, 176. Polygnotus, the “Rape of Cassandra” by, 132. Polyxines, 6. Pompeii, works of art found in, 177. Pomponius Mela, cited, 70. Popes, the, and Michel Angelo, 12. Portrait statues, erection of, in public, seldom allowed by the Greeks, 129.