Sub-ventral ridge: in slug caterpillars extends longitudinally along the sub-ventral series of abdominal tubercles. Sub-ventral space: in slug caterpillars is the area on each side, between the lateral ridge and the lower edge of the body, and contains the spiracles. Succincti: those chrysalids of butterflies which are held in place by a silken cord passing around the body: see suspensi. Succineous: resembling amber in color or appearance. Sucking pump: in sucking insects, a thick-walled muscular enlargement of the oesophagus that serves to draw up the liquid food = pharyngeal pump. Sucking spears: the mandibles and maxillae of Hemerobiid larvae, used for puncturing prey and sucking its juices. Sucking stomach: a thin-walled muscular pouch connected with the end of the oesophagus; serves as a food reservoir and is not commonly present except in some Lepidoptera. Suctoria: an ordinal term proposed for fleas. Suctorial: adapted for sucking: see haustellate. Suctorial vesicles: bladder-like structures connected with the oesophagus in mosquitoes supposed to assist in blood-sucking; but this is disputed. Suffused: clouded or obscured by a darker color. Suffusion: a clouding, or a spreading of one shade over another. Sulca: grooves, furrows or channels: plural of sulcus. Sulcated: grooved; furrowed with broad, concave, parallel impressed lines. Sulciform: resembling a sulcus. Sulcus: a furrow or groove: a groove-like excavation. Sulphureous -eus: bright, sulphur yellow [chrome lemon]. Superans: exceeding in size and length. Superciliary: placed above the eyes. Supercilium: an arched line over an ocellate spot. Super-family: a division of classification less than an order, including a series of family groups more closely related to each other than to similar groups within the order: opinionative and ending in oidea: sometimes hardly different from suborder; but lower than suborder when both terms are employed. Superficies: the upper surface. Supericornia: those Heteroptera having the antenna inserted on the upper parts of the sides of the head; e.g. Coreidae: see infericornia. Superior wings: the primaries; q.v. Superlinguae: the lateral pair of organs of hypo-pharynx in Thysanura. Superlingual segment: the fifth segment of head. Superne: denotes all those parts belonging to the upper surface. Supernumerary: additional or added cells, veins or other structures. Supernumerary segment: in Cecidomyidae, between the head and first thoracic segment. Super-order: a group of allied orders, like the Linnaean Neuroptera. Superposed: placed one above the other, as the frontal tufts in some moths. Supplementary sectors: interposed sectors; q.v. Suppression: the non-development of a part normally present. Supra-: over; above. Supra-alar bristles: in Diptera, are situated, one on the post-alar callus, one on the alar frenum, the third on the edge of the supra-alar depression. Supra-alar cavity: = supra-alar groove.