Visceral: relating or attached to the viscera. Viscid: sticky: covered with a shiny, resinous or greasy matter. Viscous: thick, sticky or semi-fluid. Vis formatrix: the creative or formative force. Vitelligenous: producing the vitellus or yolk: said of certain cells in the ovaries, believed to have that function. Vitelline -us: yellow, with a slight tinge of red, like yolk of an egg. Vitelline membrane: the delicate tissue surrounding the yolk of an egg. Vitreous: glassy; transparent. Vitta: a longitudinal, colored line. Vitta frontalis: = frontal stripe: q.v. Vittate: striped. Viviparous: applied to insects which bear living young. Vocal cords: specialized organs on the thoracic spiracles of Diptera, by means of which they produce a humming or singing sound. Volant: flying or capable of flight. Vulgar: common; not conspicuous: obscure in appearance and abundant in number. Vultus: face: that part of head below front and between the eyes. Vulva: the orifice of the vagina in the female. Vulvar lamina: in Odonata, the posterior margin of sternum of segment 8. Vulvar scale: = v. lamina. W Wart: a spongy excrescence, more or less cylindric, with a nearly truncated tip: the enlarged, common base of a group of seta: in Trichoptera, a pitted elevation. Wax: a ductile substance excreted by bees and other insects from glandular structures in various parts of the body, used in building cells or in forming a protective covering. Wax-cutter: the pincer-like structure formed by the hind tibia and metatarsus in social bees. Wax-glands: any glands in any part of the body which secrete a waxy product in either a scale, string or powder: in Coccidae, the circumgenital and parastigmatic glands; q.v. Wax-pincer: = wax cutter. Wax-scale: one of the scales secreted in the wax pocket or gland of a worker bee. Whitlows: = paronychia; q.v. Whorl: a ring of long hair arranged around a centre, like the spokes around the hub of a wheel. Wing, Wings: membranous reticulated organs of flight; one pair, the primaries, attached to the meso-thorax; the other, the secondaries, attached to the meta-thorax. Wing covers: those parts of the chitinous cuticle of larvae, nymphs or pupae which cover the rudiments of the wings of the imago: the forewings of an imago when they are thicker than the hind wings and cover them when at rest: see elytra; tegmina. Wings of the heart: the series of diagonal and other muscular fibres above the diaphragm in the pericardial cavity: see pericardial diaphragm. Wing cells: areas inclosed by veins: reference should be had to the figures illustrating venation and to the special terms applied to the cells. Winglets: small, concavo-convex scales, generally fringed at tip, under the base of the elytra in Dytiscidae. Wing-pads: undeveloped wings of pupa or nymph. Wing-scale: in Hymenoptera, = tegula; q.v.