Forceps: hook or pincer-like processes terminating the abdomen, like specialized appendages of ear-wigs: similar processes in the male, used as clasping organs in copulation. Forcipate: bearing forceps or similar structures. Forcipiform: having the form of forceps or pincers. Fore: anterior. Foregut: extends from the mouth to the end of gizzard; its epithelium being formed from the ectodermal invagination known as the stomodaeum. Forehead: in Mallophaga, the head in front of the mandibles and antennae. Fore-intestine: =foregut, q.v. Forficate: = forcipate, q.v. Forks: Trichoptera; forks of veins in apical part of wing, numbered 1, 2, 3, etc. Form: applied to representatives of a species which differ from the normal or type, in some uniform character; it is seasonal if it occurs at a period different from the type; dimorphic if there is an alternation of generations or two color patterns occur; or sexual if the members of one sex differ uniformly from those of the other. Formic: of, pertaining to or derived from ants. Formicary: an ant's nest or ant-hill. Fornicate: arched or vaulted: concave within, convex without. Fossa -ae: = fossula; q.v. Fossoria: burrowers: in Orthoptera, the mole crickets and allies; in Hymenoptera, the digging wasps. Fossorial: formed for or with the habit of digging or burrowing. Fossula -ae: a deep groove or sinus with sharp edges: specifically applied to grooves on the head or sides of prothorax in which the antennae are concealed. Fossulate: a surface with oblong impressions. Fossulet: an elongated, shallow groove. Fourth longitudinal vein: Diptera (Will.), = media 2 (Comst.). Fovea, Foveola -ae: a shallow depression with well-marked sides: a pit. Foveate: with foveae or pit-like depressions. Foveolate: with shallow cavities like a honey-comb. Fractus: broken: also applied to a geniculate antenna. Fragile: easily breakable: thin and brittle. Frass: the excrement; usually the excreted pellets of caterpillars. Free: unrestricted in movement: not firmly joined with or united to any other part: said of pupae when all the parts and appendages are separately encased as in Coleopteran. Frenatae: that series of Lepidoptera in which a more or less well-marked frenulum occurs. Frenate: having a frenulum. Frenulum: the spine, simple in males, compound in females, arising from the base of secondaries in many Lepidoptera, whose function it is to unite the wings in flight: in Cicada the triangular lateral piece on the mesonotum which connects with the trochlea: the anal area of secondaries and thus = tendo, q.v. Frenulum hook: in the males of frenate Lepidoptera, a hook or fold into which the frenulum is fitted. Frenum: that which holds things together: a lunate or triangular portion at the inner and hinder base of the wing in Odonata and Trichoptera; see tendo.