_A. defossor_. _A. otidiformis_. _Skull._ Length 7.2 inches. 6.2 inches. Breadth across paroccipitals 3.3 " 2.9 " Breadth across postfrontals 3.2 " 2.10 " Breadth across temporal fossae 2.3 " 1.1 " Breadth of base of upper mandible 1.6 " 1.3 " Breadth of middle of upper mandible 1.4 " 1.1 " Breadth of fore end of upper mandible 0.7 " 0.6 " Length of premaxillary 5.0 " 4.3 " _Femur._ Length 7.6 " 6.2 " Breadth of proximal end 2.2 " 1.9 " Breadth of distal end 2.2 " 1.9 " Circumference of middle of shaft 2.9 " 2.3 " _Tibia._ Length 10.3 " 8.9 " Breadth of proximal end 2.3 " 1.9 " Breadth of distal end 1.10 " 1.3 " Circumference of middle of shaft 2.6 " 1.11 " _Metatarsus._ Length 4.4 " 3.10 " Breadth of proximal end 1.8 " 1.5 " Breadth of distal end 1.9 " 1.6 " Breadth of middle of shaft 1.6 " 1.4 " Locality of type: Oamaru. Habitat: South Island. A nearly perfect skeleton in the Tring Museum, collected by Mr. W. S. Mitchel in limestone cave on Oreti River, Southland. {149} PALAEOLIMNAS FORBES. Differs from _Fulica_ by the much more curved shape of the skull, the deeply marked glandular impressions over the eyes, and the great pneumaticity of the frontal bones. PALAEOLIMNAS CHATHAMENSIS (FORBES). _Fulica chathamensis_ H. O. Forbes, Nature, vol. XLVI p. 252 (1892). _Fulica newtoni_ H. O. Forbes, l.c. (non Milne-Edwards). _Palaeolimnas newtoni_ H. O. Forbes, Ibis 1893, p. 544. _Palaeolimnas chathamensis_ Milne Edwards, Ann. Sci. Nat. (VIII) 2, 1896 p. 130. Dr. Forbes says in Nature "I procured from the same beds which contained _Aphanapteryx_ a certain number of bones of a _Fulica_ which much resemble those of _Fulica newtoni_; like the bones of _Aphanapteryx_ (should be _Diaphorapteryx_, W.R.) they vary much in size, some being equal to, while others were considerably larger than similar bones of _Fulica newtoni_. This variation is so great that I am inclined to consider them as belonging to different species, or at least different races. I have given the name _Fulica chathamensis_" to the larger species.