In this matter, indeed, the Cricket is extraordinary. Of all our
insects he is the only one who, when full-grown, possesses a fixed
home, the reward of his own industry. During the bad season of the
year, most of the others burrow or skulk in some temporary refuge, a
refuge obtained free of cost and abandoned without regret. Several of
them create marvels with a view to settling their family: cotton
satchels, baskets made of leaves, towers of cement. Some live
permanently in ambush, lying in wait for their prey. The Tiger-beetle,
for instance, digs himself a perpendicular hole, which he stops up with
his flat, bronze head. If any other insect steps on this deceptive
trap-door it immediately tips up, and the unhappy wayfarer disappears
into the gulf. The Ant-lion makes a slanting funnel in the sand. Its
victim, the Ant, slides down the slant and is then stoned, from the
bottom of the funnel, by the hunter, who turns his neck into a
catapult. But these are all temporary refuges or traps.
The laboriously constructed home, in which the insect settles down with
no intention of moving, either in the happy spring or in the woeful
winter season; the real manor-house, built for peace and comfort, and
not as a hunting-box or a nursery—this is known to the Cricket alone.
On some sunny, grassy slope he is the owner of a hermitage. While all
the others lead vagabond lives, sleeping in the open air or under the
casual shelter of a dead leaf or a stone, or the pealing bark of an old
tree, he is a privileged person with a permanent address.
The making of a home is a serious problem. It has been solved by the
Cricket, by the Rabbit, and lastly by man. In my neighbourhood the Fox
and the Badger have holes, which are largely formed by the
irregularities of the rock. A few repairs, and the dug-out is
completed. The Rabbit is cleverer than these, for he builds his house
by burrowing wherever he pleases, when there is no natural passage that
allows him to settle down free of all trouble.
The Cricket is cleverer than any of them. He scorns chance refuges, and
always chooses the site of his home carefully, in well-drained ground,
with a pleasant sunny aspect. He refuses to make use of ready-made
caves that are inconvenient and rough: he digs every bit of his villa,
from the entrance-hall to the back-room.
I see no one above him, in the art of house-building, except man; and
even man, before mixing mortar to hold stones together, or kneading
clay to coat his hut of branches, fought with wild beasts for a refuge
in the rocks. Why is it that a special instinct is bestowed on one
particular creature? Here is one of the humblest of creatures able to
lodge himself to perfection. He has a home, an advantage unknown to
many civilised beings; he has a peaceful retreat, the first condition
of comfort; and no one around him is capable of settling down. He has
no rivals but ourselves.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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