Facts and Speculations on the Origin and History of Playing CardsChatto, William Andrew
History
Facts and Speculations on the Origin and History of Playing Cards
Chatto, William Andrew
Playing cards -- History
Barrington's observations on the introduction of the game into
respectable company, are as follows: "Quadrille (a species of Ombre)
obtained a vogue upon the disuse of the latter, which it maintained
till Whisk was introduced, which now [1787] prevails not only in
England, but in most of the civilized parts of Europe.[191] If it
may not possibly be supposed that the game of Trumps (which I have
before taken notice of, as alluded to in one of the old plays contained
in Dodsley's Collection) is Whisk, I rather conceive that the first
mention of that game is to be found in Farquhar's 'Beaux Stratagem,'
which was written in the very beginning of the present century.[192]
It was then played with what were called _Swabbers_,[193] which were
possibly so termed, because they who had certain cards in their hand
were entitled to take up a share of the stake, independent of the
general event of the game. The fortunate, therefore, clearing the
board of this extraordinary stake, might be compared by seamen to the
_Swabbers_ (or cleaners of the deck), in which sense the term is still
used. Be this as it may, Whisk seems never to have been played on
principles till about fifty years ago, when it was much studied by a
set of gentlemen who frequented the Crown coffee-house in Bedford row:
before that time it was confined chiefly to the servants' hall with
All-Fours and Put."
From Mr. Barrington's own references it would appear to have been a
favorite game with country squires about 1707, the date of the Beaux
Stratagem; and occasionally indulged in by clergymen about 1728,
the date of Swift's Essay on the Fates of Clergymen. Their example,
however, seems to have been unable to retrieve it from the character of
vulgarity, until it was seriously taken up by "a set of gentlemen," who
appear to have commenced their studies at the Crown coffee-house, in
Bedford row, just about the time that the Treatise on Whist, by "Edmond
Hoyle, Gent.," was first published by Thomas Osborne, at Gray's Inn.
The studies of such gentlemen, and the celebrity of their scientific
instructor, are thus commemorated in the prologue to the 'Humours of
Whist,' a dramatic satire quoted in the preceding page.
"Who will believe that man could e'er exist
Who spent near half an age in studying Whist;
Grew grey with Calculation,--Labour hard!--
As if Life's business centred in a card?
That such there is, let me to those appeal,
Who with such liberal hands reward his zeal.
Lo! Whist he makes a science; and our Peers
Deign to turn school-boys in their riper years;
Kings too, and Viceroys, proud to play the game,
Devour his learned page in quest of Fame:
While lordly sharpers dupe away at WHITE's,
And scarce leave one poor cull for common bites."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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