[95] Thiers, referring to the Synod of Langres of 1404, Tit. de Ludibus prohibitis, thus gives the prohibition: "Nous défendons expressement aux Ecclesiastiques, principalement à ceux qui sont dans les saints ordres, et sur tout aux prêtres et aux curés, de jouer aux dez, au triquetrac, ou aux cartes."--Traité des Jeux et des Divertissemens, par M. Jean Baptiste Thiers, Docteur en Théologie, p. 193. 12mo, Paris, 1686. Though this synod is also referred to by Menestrier, Bullet, and others, it is overlooked by Mons. Duchesne, who, speaking of the prohibition of cards to the clergy, says, "C'est seulement au synode de Bamberg, in 1491, qu'au titre xvi on trouve la défense: 'Ludosque taxillorum et chartarum, et his similes, in locis publicis.'"--Observations sur les Cartes à jouer, dans l'Annuaire Historique, pour l'année 1837, p. 176. [96] Peignot, who affects great precision in dates and names, says that the Statuta Sabaudiæ were "publiées en 1470 par Amédée VIII, Duc de Savoie." Amadeus VIII, the amateur hermit--who was elected Pope by the Council of Basle in 1439, and who took the name of Pope Felix V--died in 1451. [97] "Donnez nous du linge blanc. Faictes que nons ayons des linceux blancs, et vous aures demain voz espingles."--J. T. Fregii Pædagogus, p. 112. Basle, 1582. [98] Von Murr, Journal zur Kunstgeschichte, 2er Theil, s. 121, 122. [99] Heineken, in his French version of this passage, in the Idée Générale, erroneously translates the word _leglenweiss_, "en ballots." In his Neue Nachrichten, however, he gives the correct explanation, "das ist, in kleinen Fassern"--"that is, in small casks." Though the word Lägel, a barrel, is obsolete in Germany, yet its diminutive, "leglin,"--as if Lägelin--is still used in Scotland for the name of the ewe-milker's kit. It is needless to cite the work from which I copy this bit of information, as the author, I am sure, will not find any fault with me for any liberties that I may take. [100] "Conscioscia che l'arte e mestier delle carte e figure stampide, che se fano in Venesia è vegnudo a total deffaction, e questo sia per la gran quantità de carte a zugur e figure depente stampide, le qual vien fate de fuora de Venezia."--Algarotti, Lettere Pittoriche, tom. v, p. 320. [101] A stencil is a thin piece of pasteboard, parchment, or metal, in which the outlines and general forms of any figures are _cut out_, for the purpose of being "stencilled" on cards, paper, pasteboard, plastered walls, &c. The operation is performed by passing over the stencil a brush charged with colour, which entering into the _cut out_ lines imparts the figure to the material beneath.