Farm drainage: The Principles, Processes, and Effects of Draining Land with Stones, Wood, Plows, and Open Ditches, and Especially with TilesFrench, Henry F. (Henry Flagg)
Science
Farm drainage: The Principles, Processes, and Effects of Draining Land with Stones, Wood, Plows, and Open Ditches, and Especially with Tiles
French, Henry F. (Henry Flagg)
Drainage
Owing to the excess of water that saturated the soil in Spring and
Fall, the former proprietors of the farm had not attempted the
cultivation of the field alluded to, for many years. Originally
producing heavy crops of hay, it had been mowed for thirty years or
more, and was a good specimen of "exhausted land," yielding
one-half or three-fourths of a ton of hay per acre. This field is
designated in the plan, as the "barley field, 1858," lies
south-west of the dwelling-house, and contains nearly six acres.
Its northerly half, being the lower end of the field, was drained
in 1855, having been Summer-plowed, and sowed with buckwheat, which
was turned under, when in flower, as a fallow crop. The other half
was drained in 1856; plowed and subsoiled the same Fall. In 1857,
nearly the whole field was planted with roots--potatoes, rutabagas,
mangolds, carrots, English turnips, &c.--and one acre in corn. For
these crops, fair dressings of manure were applied--say ten or
twelve cartloads of barn-manure plowed in, and one hundred pounds
of either guano or bone-dust harrowed in, or strewed in the drill,
for each acre; about fifteen loads per acre of seasoned muck or
peat were also plowed in. There was a good yield of all the roots;
for the corn, the season was unfavorable. Last Spring, a light
dressing of manure, but all that we could afford, was applied, the
whole well ploughed, harrowed, seeded to grass with barley,
harrowed, and rolled. The barley was taken off last week; and, from
the five and three-quarter acres, seventeen heavy loads were hauled
into the barn, each estimated to exceed a ton in weight. The grain
from a measured acre was put apart to be separately threshed, and I
will advise of its yield when ascertained.[A] This was said, by the
many farmers who saw it, including some from the Western States,
to be the "handsomest field of grain" they had ever seen. The young
grass looks well; and I hope, next Summer, to report a good cut of
"hay from drained land."
[Footnote A: This was threshed about the middle of November, and
yielded "51 bushels, round measure." The entire field averaged 45
bushels per acre.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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