Recruiting statistics have valuably emphasised the truth that in those localities where women are most employed in labour, there disease and degeneracy are most rampant. Significantly it was shown that colliery-districts and the Universities (the latter with about 80 per cent. of Grade I. men), were conspicuous in providing the greatest number of men qualified for military service. Why? Because neither the mothers of men enrolled in Universities, nor, for the most part, those of colliery-districts, are employed industrially. While, on the other hand, the health and physique of cotton-mill operatives proved so "alarmingly low" that of 184 weavers and spinners only 57 could even be passed for Army-training. Of 290 examined, only 57 men of one cotton-spinning town were graded I.; only 64 were graded II., while 169 were graded III. and IV. Again, _Why_? Because, unlike colliery-districts where the standard of health was notably good, in cotton-towns where physique and health were "alarmingly low" the vast majority of wives and mothers are employed in factories. It is important, moreover, to note that in such gradings of men for military service, even those classed first were by no means necessarily normal or vigorous. On the contrary, many passed were later shown defective, by breakdown under stress of military discipline. Further, that so many as 20 _per cent._ of the young manhood of our highest culture were disqualified for Grade I. is a serious circumstance. Mr. Lloyd George has said regarding this most vital question: "The next great lesson of the war is that if Britain has to be thoroughly equipped to meet any emergencies, the State must take a more constant and a more intelligent interest in the health and fitness of the people. If the Empire is to be equal to its task, the men and women who make up the Empire must be equal to it. The number of B2 and C3 men is prodigious. I asked the Minister of National Service how many more men could we have put into the fighting ranks if the health of the country had been properly looked after. I staggered at the reply: '_At least a million_.' A virile race has been wasted by neglect and want of forethought, and it is a danger to the State and to the Empire. I solemnly warn my fellow countrymen that you cannot maintain an A1 Empire with a C3 population." This estimate of abnormality, by reason of a million of the nation's young manhood disqualified by definite disease, defect or degeneracy, is far below the mark. Because owing to the urgent need for fighting men, the standard of fitness was compulsorily low. And the estimate takes no account of the huge number of such low-grade "Fit," who succumbed in death or incapacitation to the strain of military training, or to the vicissitudes of active service.