Fetichism in West Africa : $b forty years' observation of native customs and superstitionsNassau, Robert Hamill
Philosophy
Fetichism in West Africa : $b forty years' observation of native customs and superstitions
Nassau, Robert Hamill
Ethnology -- Africa, West; Fetishism -- Africa, West
During the initiation the pupils are required to go bare-footed; and if
they have been wearing dresses, the dresses are taken off and only a
native cloth worn. But a slight concession has occasionally been made in
favor of some mission-school girls when forced into Njěmbě, who,
accustomed to dresses, were allowed to wear them when walking in this
public collecting procession.
The night of the day on which they come back from this collecting of gifts
is the "last night." Dancing is then done by all, both by the teachers and
the pupils.
It is not known who is leader. One is spoken of as the "Mother," but it
is not known who she is. The chief teacher is seen whenever they come from
their camp, and is known by the colored chalk markings different from
others.
[Illustration: NJĔMBĔ. FEMALE SECRET SOCIETY.--MPONGWE, GABUN.]
The next morning, the morning of the "last day," all go out fishing, young
and old, along the river or sea beach. This fishing is done among the
muddy roots of the mangrove trees. They gather shell-fish of different
kinds. But whatever they do or do not obtain, they do not return till each
one has caught a small common snake which lives in holes at the mangrove
roots. The sound of the orěga (which is still constantly beaten) seems
to act as a charm, and the snake emerges from its hole and is readily
caught; or the hand is boldly thrust into the hole in search of the
reptile. In starting out on this fishing the new members do not know that
they are to handle snakes. They go as on a happy fishing excursion.
Really, it is their final test. They are told to put their hands into
these holes, and not to let go of the "fish" they shall seize there. The
novice obeys, but presently screams in alarm as she feels a snake-like
form wriggling about her hand. Her teacher terribly threatens her; she
begs to be excused, dares not let go, and is compelled to pull out the
snake twining about her arm. They all then return to the camp, each with
her snake in her basket. It is not known what is done with these snakes.
The teacher is to be paid for her services. As the pupils come from
different villages, each one has to ask her teacher's permission to go to
her relatives to collect the fee. This is done a few days before the final
day. They are allowed to go, but with an escort to watch them that they
break no rule of the initiation. They do not go into the houses, nor do
they speak. They stand in the street. Those who escort them have to do the
talking, thus: "We have come to collect our money, as the Njěmbě
will soon be done." If they get a plenty, the pupils are glad; otherwise
they have to stand in the hot sun uncovered, except by their crown-like
wreath of lycopodium fern. It is a trying and humiliating position for any
girl whose people are poor or unwilling. She must stand there till some
one of her people shall contribute what the escort deems sufficient.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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