[Footnote 85: He paid on 20 fees in 1162 and 1165, and returned his fees in 1166 as 20 _de veteri_ and 3/4 _de novo_.] [Footnote 86: The scutages record him as paying always on 15 knights _quos recognoscit_--the formula for _servitium debitum_.] [Footnote 87: His payment on 15 fees in 1161 probably represents his _servitium debitum_. His total enfeoffments were 23.] [Footnote 88: Hugh and Stephen de Scalers are the names given in the _cartae_, but Henry and William de Scalers held the fiefs at the time.] [Footnote 89: He paid 10 marcs in 1168, though his _carta_ only records 9-5/6 fees.] [Footnote 90: A difficult fief to deal with, but almost certainly the half of an original Reimes fief owing 20 knights (_vide supra_).] [Footnote 91: Apparently 15 at first, and 10 later.] [Footnote 92: _i.e._ the Peverel Honour of Bourne, Cambridgeshire (held in Domesday by Picot, the Sheriff), not Bourne, Lincolnshire, held by the Wakes.] [Footnote 93: He only pays on 5 fees in 1162, and the excess _de novo_ in his _carta_ is accounted for, he says, by the necessities of his position.] [Footnote 94: This is not proved for the latter fief.] [Footnote 95: Compare with these allusions to a traditional _servitium debitum_ the significant words of Wace (_Roman de Rou_): 'Ne ke jamez d'ore en avant, Ço lor a miz en covenant, N'ierent de servise requis, Forz tel ke solt estre al paiz, E tel come lor ancessor Soleient fere a lor Seignor,'-- which are the reply to the fears of the barons (_Norm. Conq._, iii. 298): 'Li servise ki est doblez Creiment k'il seit en feu tornez, Et en costume seit tenu Et par costume seit rendu (lines 11272 _et seq._).'] [Footnote 96: It can be shown that the 'service' in Normandy was based on precisely the same five-knight unit.] [Footnote 97: 'The estates of the twenty greatest feodaries in Domesday Book contain, according to the ordinary computation, 793, 439, 442, 298, 280, 222, 171, 164, 132, 130, 123, 119, 118, 107, 81, 47, 46 and 33 knights' fees.'--Gneist (_Const. Hist._, i. 334).] [Footnote 98: _C.H._, i. 289.] [Footnote 99: For instance, the Abbot of St Edmund's 'quinquaginta milites' are spoken of as 'milites de quatuor constabiliis' with 'decem miles de quinta constabilia' (_Memorials of St Edmunds_, Ed. Arnold, i. 269, 271).] [Footnote 100: Robert fitz Stephen lands with 30 knights, Maurice de Prendergast with 10, Maurice fitz Gerald with 10, Strongbow with 200, Raymond the Fat with 10, Henry himself with either 400 or 500, etc.] [Footnote 101: See my _Geoffrey de Mandeville_, p. 103.] [Footnote 102: Lines 11253 _et seq._ The figures, however, are far too large, and savour of poetic licence.] [Footnote 103: _N.C._, v. 368.]