[Footnote 178: _Vide supra_, p. 205.] [Footnote 179: 'Willelmus Malet tenet Cari de Domino Rege et alias terras suas per servicium viginti militum' (p. 163).] [Footnote 180: Ducange (1887), ii. 581.] [Footnote 181: _Ibid._, viii. 255. Ducange indeed asserts that five knights was the qualification in Normandy for barony, but the statement is based on a mistaken rendering and is elsewhere disproved.] [Footnote 182: _Liber Rubeus_, p. 4.] [Footnote 183: 'Illud commune verbum in ore singulorum, tunc temporis divulgatum, fatuum reputans et mirabile, quod in regni conquisitione Dux Normannorum, Rex Willelmus, servitia xxxii. militum infeodavit' (_ibid._).] [Footnote 184: Swereford, it is clear, failed to grasp the great change of assessment in 1166.] [Footnote 185: _Const. Hist._, i. 432.] [Footnote 186; _Ibid._, i. 157. Dr Stubbs rightly rejects Mr Pearson's conjecture that the number of 32,000 applied to the hides, and that 'the number of knights' fees, calculated at five hides each, would be 6,400'.] [Footnote 187: 'His temporibus militiam Anglici regni Rex Willelmus conscribi fecit et lx. millia militum invenit, quos omnes, dum necesse esset, paratos esse praecepit.'] [Footnote 188: 'A whole army was by this means encamped upon the soil, and the king's summons could at any moment gather 60,000 knights to the royal standard.'] [Footnote 189: _Const. Hist._, i. 264. Compare pp. 16, 17.] [Footnote 190: Freeman (_Norm. Conq._, iv. 694).] [Footnote 191: _Ibid._, iv. 562.] [Footnote 192: _Ibid._, iii. 387. In _Social England_ (i. 373) we read that 'William is believed to have landed in England with at least 60,000 men, 50,000 horse and 10,000 foot'. But on turning to p. 306 of that great effort of co-operative genius, we learn that only 'some of William's ships carried horses to the number of from three to eight--as well as men'. So the number of his ships (396, according to Wace) is as great a difficulty as the proportions of Noah's Ark.] [Footnote 193: _William Rufus_, i. 17.] [Footnote 194: _Ibid._, i. 313.] [Footnote 195: 'Annui fiscales redditus ... ad sexaginta millia marcarum summam implebant.'] [Footnote 196: 'Sexaginta millia peditum' (p. 4).] [Footnote 197: 'Sexaginta millia silinas de frumento, sexaginta millia de hordeo, sexaginta millia de vino' (_Richard of Devizes_, ed. Howlett, p. 396).] [Footnote 198: 'Sexaginta accipitur indefinite de magno numero. Sexcenti saepe usurpatur pro numero ingenti et indefinito' (Forcellini, _Totius Latinitatis Lexicon_).] [Footnote 199: 'Bis sex sibi millia centum' (_Carmen de bello Hastingensi_).]