Feudal England: Historical Studies on the Eleventh and Twelfth CenturiesRound, John Horace
History
Feudal England: Historical Studies on the Eleventh and Twelfth Centuries
Round, John Horace
Domesday book; Feudalism -- Great Britain; Great Britain -- History -- Norman period, 1066-1154; Normans -- Great Britain
Pax manu regis vel Pax data manu regis In Snotingehamscyre
sigillo ejus data, vel sigillo ejus, et in Derbin scyre
si fuerit infracta, si fuerit infracta, pax regis manu vel
emendatur per regi solummodo sigillo data, si
xviii. hundrez. emendatur per xii. fuerit infracta,
Unumquidque hundret hundrez, unumquidque emendatur per xviii.
solvit viii. libras. hundret viii. libras. hundrez, unumquidque
Duodecim hundrez Pax a comite data et hundret viii. libras.
emendant regi et vi. infracta a quolibet Hujus emendationis
comiti.--i. 336_b._ ipsi comiti per vi. habet rex ii. partes,
hundrez emendatur, comes terciam. Id est
unumquidque viii. xii. hundred emendant
libras--i. 298_b._ regi et vi. comiti--i.
280_b._
For comparison with these three passages we may turn to the charter of
immunities confirmed to York Cathedral by Henry I, Stephen, and Henry
II. We there read:
Si quis enim quemlibet cujuscumque facinoris aut flagitii
reum et convictum infra atrium ecclesiæ caperet et retineret,
universali judicio vi. _hundreth_ emendabit; si vero infra
ecclesiam xii. _hundreth_ infra chorum xviii. ... _In
hundreth_ viii. _libræ continentur_.[138]
As there were _twelve_ carucates in the 'Hundred', so it paid _twelve_
marcs, which, if we can trust the above explanation, themselves came
to be termed a 'Hundred'. Moreover, the 'Hundreds' themselves were
grouped in multiples of _six_. So too the Yorkshire thegn who held
_six_ Manors or less paid three marcs to the sheriff; if he held more
than six, _twelve_ marcs to the king (_Domesday_, i. 289_b_).
It is a special feature of the 'Danish' district that each
territorial 'Hundred' contained twelve 'carucatæ terræ'. This point
is all-important. Just as a 'Hundred' to an Anglo-Saxon suggested one
hundred 'hides', so to the Danes of this district it suggested twelve
'carucates'. Nay, to the men of Lincolnshire there could be no more
question that twelve carucates made a 'Hundred' than there could be
now, among ourselves that twelve pence make a shilling. If we turn to
the Lindsey Survey,[139] a generation later than Domesday, we obtain
proof to that effect. We find that Survey, in three instances, adding
up all the estates of a tenant within a Wapentake, and giving us the
result in 'Hundreds' and 'carucates'. Here are the actual figures:
_Car._ _Bov._ _Car._ _Bov._ _Car._ _Bov._
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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